Sania RIAZ, Tayyab HUSNAIN, Bushra RASHID, Muhammad Bilal SARWARA, Sajjad SADIQUE, Sameera HASSAN, Bahaeldeen Babiker MOHAMED

Physio-Biochemical and Molecular Responses in Transgenic Cotton under Drought Stress

Kuraklık, pamuk bitkisinin gelişimini ve verimini azaltmaktadır. Su stresi koşullarında biyokimyasal ve fizyolojik prosesleri moleküler düzeyde korumak için bitkide ısı şok proteinleri birikmektedir. Bu çalışmada, küçük ısı şok proteinleri (GHSP26) içeren transgenik pamuk bitkisinin T2 neslinin farklı kuraklık stresi altında biyokimyasal, fizyolojik ve moleküler düzeyde tepkileri yabani-tip bitki ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Transgenik bitkiler yabani-tip bitkilere gore % 30 daha fazla prolin biriktirmişlerdir. Kuraklık tolerasyon etkinliğinin arttığını gösteren lipid peroksidasyon aktivitesi transgenik bitkilerde azalmıştır. Kuraklığın onuncu gününde, transgenik ve yabani-tip bitkilerde oransal yaprak su içeriği sırasıyla % 69 ve % 45 olmuştur. Benzer şekilde yabani-tip bitkilerle karşılaştırıldığında, transgenik bitkiler fotosentez, stoma iletkenliği, transpirasyon ve ozmotik potansiyel açısından daha iyi performance göstermiştir. GHSP26 ve Gh-POD, Gh-RuBisCO, Gh-LHCP PSII, Gh-PIP, Gh-TPS ve Gh-LEA gibi kimi kuraklığa tepki genlerinin gerçek zaman PCR sonuçları yüksek düzeyde gen ekspresyonu olduğunu ve transgenik bitkilerin kuraklık toleranslarının iyi olduğunu göstermiştir. Transgenik bitkilerde GHSP26'nın yüksek ekspresyonu prolin ve lipid peroksidasyonu gibi biyokimyasal, fotosentez, ozmotik potansiyel ve su durumuna bağlı fizyolojik özellikleri iyileştirmiştir. Bu yüzden, bu çalışma bitkilerde kuraklık toleransını artırmak üzere ıslah ve homozigot hatların seçiminde kullanılabilecektir

Transgenik Pamuk Bitkisinin Kuraklık Stresine Fizyo-Biyokimyasal ve Moleküler Tepkisi

Drought decreases the growth and productivity in cotton. Heat shock proteins accumulate in plants under water stress to protect the biochemical and physiological processes at the molecular level. In this study, plants of T2 segregatinggenerationof transgenic cotton, containing small heat shock protein gene (GHSP26) was compared with wild type plants for biochemical, physiological and molecular responses under different periods of drought stress. Transgenic plants accumulated 30% higher proline content than the wild type. Lipid peroxidation activity was reduced in transgenic plants which showed that the drought tolerance efficiency has been improved. Leaf relative water content was 69% and 45% in transgenic and wild-type plants, respectively at 10-day drought stress. Similarly, transgenic plants showed better performance for photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and osmotic potential as compared to wild type. Real-time quantitative PCR of GHSP26 and some other drought responsive genes such as Gh-POD, Gh-RuBisCO, Gh-LHCP PSII, Gh-PIP, Gh-TPS and Gh-LEA have supported the higher expression and proved drought tolerance in transgenic plants. The overexpression of GHSP26 in transgenic plants improved the biochemical such as proline content and lipid peroxidation activity and physiological parameters like photosynthesis, osmotic potential and water related attributes. Hence, this study may be extended for selection of homozygous lines and breeding to improve the drought tolerance activity in plants

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