Mustafa TAN, Halil YOLCU, Zeynep GUL DUMLU

Nutritive value of sunfower silages ensiled with corn or alfalfa at different rate

Kısa gelişme süresine sahip, soğuğa ve kurağa dayanıklılığı iyi olan ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L. ), önemli biralternatif silaj bitkisidir. Fakat ayçiçeğinin silaj kalitesi düşüktür. Ayçiçeği silajının kalitesini iyileştirmek için mısır (Zea mays L.) ve yonca (Medicago sativa L.) ile karışımlar yapılabilir. Bu çalışmada ayçiçeği, mısır ve yonca ilebunların bazı karışımlarından oluşan (% 75 ayçiçeği + % 25 mısır, % 50 ayçiçeği + % 50 mısır, % 25 ayçiçeği +% 75 mısır, % 75 ayçiçeği + % 25 yonca, % 50 ayçiçeği + % 50 yonca ve % 25 ayçiçeği + % 75 yonca) silajlarınkalite özellikleri incelenmiştir. Silajlar bitkilerin iki farklı gelişme döneminde (Erken dönem: Yonca ve ayçiçeği içinçiçeklenme başlangıcı, mısır için süt olum dönemi ve Geç dönem: Yonca ve ayçiçeği için çiçeklenme sonu, mısır içinhamur olum dönemi) yapılmıştır. Araştırma şansa bağlı tam bloklar deneme deseninde faktöriyel düzenlemeye göredört tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Silajların kuru madde oranı (DM), ham protein (CP), NDF, ADF, pH ve fzikselözellikleri (PC) incelenmiştir. Ayçiçeği ile yonca karışımlarında NDF, ADF ve CP; mısır karışımlarında ise DM, pH vePC yüksek bulunmuştur. Geç dönemde silaj yapıldığı zaman DM, PC ve silaj pHsı yükselmiştir. Bu nedenle üreticileregeç gelişme döneminde ayçiçeğinin mısır ile en az % 50 oranında zenginleştirilerek silolanması tavsiye edilebilir.

Farklı oranlarda yonca veya mısır ile karıştırılan ayçiçeği silajının besin değeri

Sunfower (Helianthus annuus L. ) having shorter growing season, better cold tolerant and more drought resistant isimportant alternative silage plant in highlands. But it has poor silage quality. To improve the quality of sunfower silagecan be mixed an appropriate amount of corn (Zea mays L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). This research was carriedout to evaluate quality characteristics of nine silage types: Sunfower, corn and alfalfa silages; plus their some mixturessilages (75% sunfower + 25% corn, 50% sunfower + 50% corn, 25% sunfower + 75% corn, 75% sunfower + 25%alfalfa, 50% sunfower + 50% alfalfa and 25% sunfower + 75% alfalfa); at two harvest stages: Beginning of foweringfor sunfower and alfalfa and milk-dough stage for corn (early stage), and end of fowering stage for sunfower andalfalfa, and dough stage for corn (late stage). The experimental design was in a factorial arrangement of randomizedcomplete block with replicated four times. Dry matter content (DM), crude protein content (CP), neutral detergentfber content (NDF), acid detergent fber content (ADF), silage pH and physical characteristics (PC) of silages weredetermined in this study. Mixing of alfalfa in NDF, ADF and CP and corn in DM, pH and PC had positively effect insunfower silages. Late stage had positively affected DM, PC and pH for silage. Consequently, sunfower silages mixedwith corn, with the condition of not being less than 50% at late stage, are recommended for farmers.

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