L-momentler ve Standart Yağış İndeksi SYİ Yardımıyla Seyhan Havzası Kuraklık Analizi

Bu çalışmanın amacı Seyhan Havzası’ndaki 11 meteorolojik istasyonun uzun dönem aylık yağış değerlerine dayalı Standart Yağış İndeksi’ni SYİ kullanarak kuraklık takibi yapmak ve ayrıca ikinci olarak her istasyonun her yılı için1. IntroductionStandart Yağış İndeksi yönteminden elde edilen en kurak ayının yağış değerlerine indeks taşkın yöntemine dayalı L-momentler metodu uygulanarak bölgesel frekans analizi yapmaktır. Her istasyonun 3, 6, 9 ve 12 ay süreli SYİ değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre bütün istasyonlar kuraklık sınırındadır. Ortalama SYİ değerlerine göre en ıslak istasyon Ulukışla iken en kurak istasyon Karaisalı’dır. Kuraklık frekans değerlerine göre ise kuraklık meydana gelme frekansı en yüksek Karaisalı istasyonu iken kuraklık meydana gelme frekansı en düşük istasyon Tufanbeyli’dir. Sonuçlar gösteriyor ki, Seyhan havzası kuraklık sınırında ve biraz ıslaktır. Kuraklık oluşma frekansı % 47.7’dir. L-momentler metodu homojen bölgeleri belirlemek için kullanılmıştır. 3 ve 6 aylık minimum yağış serilerinden homojen bölgeler elde edilemezken 9 aylık minimum yağış serisinde havza iki kısma ayrılarak homojen alt havzalar elde edilmiştir. 12 aylık minimum yağış serisinde ise tüm havza homojen çıkmıştır. 9 aylık minimum yağış serisi için homojen iki alt havzaya en iyi uyan dağılım Pearson Tip 3 dağılımı iken 12 aylık minimum yağış serisi için tüm havzaya uyan en iyi dağılım Genelleştirilmiş Normal dağılım olmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Seyhan Havzası, Standart yağış indeksi SYİ, L-momentler, İklim değişikliği, Yağış

Drought Analysis of the Seyhan Basin by Using Standardized Precipitation Index SPI and L-moments

The aim of this study is to monitor drought in the Seyhan Basin by using Standardized Precipitation Index SPI based on a long term monthly precipitation of 11 meteorological stations and secondly, to also carry out regional frequency analysis using the index flood procedure coupled with the L-moments method based on recorded precipitation data of the most drought month for each year acquired from Standardized Precipitation Index method for each station. The SPI values of each station for 3, 6, 9 and 12-month time scales were calculated. According to the results, all stations are on the boundary of drought. Research results show that the wettest station is Ulukışla and the most drought station is Karaisalı with respect to the average SPI values. According to the drought frequency values, however, the station having the highest drought occurrence frequency is the Karaisalı station, whereas the station having the lowest drought frequency is the Tufanbeyli station. Results show that the Seyhan Basin is on the boundary of drought and mildly wet. Drought occurrence frequency is 47.7%. L-moments method was used to define homogenous regions. Homogenous regions for 3 and 6-month time scales minimum precipitation series couldn’t be obtained while homogenous regions for 9-month time scale minimum precipitation series were obtained only by dividing the whole basin into two parts. The whole basin is homogenous for the 12-month time scale minimum precipitation series. The Pearson Type 3 distribution is found to be most suitable for two homogenous sub-basins regarding 9-month time scale minimum precipitation series, whereas the Generalized Normal distribution is found to be most suitable for the whole basin with respect to 12-month time scale minimum precipitation series

Keywords:

The Seyhan Basin, Standardized precipitation index SPI, L-moments, Climate change, Rainfall,

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