MODERN DÖNEM ALBİ HAÇLI SEFERİ TARİHYAZIMININ GELİŞİMİ VE DEĞİŞEN BAKIŞ AÇILARI

1209-1229 yılları arasında gerçekleşen Albi Haçlı Seferi, Avrupa sınırları içerisinde ve Müslüman olmayan bir topluluk olan Katharlara karşı düzenlenmiştir. Bu seferin siyasî, dinî, askerî, ekonomik ve sosyal boyutları son 150 yıldır tarihçiler için önemli bir tartışma konusu olarak varlık göstermektedir. Öncesinde yalnızca askerî ve siyasî olarak ele alınan ve kendisinden önceki ve sonraki olaylar için bir geçiş dönemi olarak görülen sefer süreci, modern Albi Haçlı Seferi tarihyazımının gelişmesi ve yeni sorular ortaya koyması sonucunda çok yönlü bir araştırma alanı hâline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Albi Haçlı Seferi tarihyazımının son 150 yıl içerisinde gösterdiği gelişimi ve sefere karşı değişen ve çeşitlenen bakış açılarını inceleyerek yorumlamaktır. Çalışmanın birinci kısmı 19. yüzyıl sonu-20. yüzyıl ortası arasında yayımlanmış ilk çalışmaları tartışmaktadır. İkinci kısım, 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından 21. yüzyıla dek Albi Haçlı Seferi tarihyazımının gelişimi ve sosyal tarih çalışmalarının sefer üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Üçüncü ve son bölümde ise 21. yüzyıldan itibaren revizyonist bakış açısının tarihyazımı üzerinde yaratmış olduğu değişimler ve modern dönem Albi Haçlı Seferi tarihçiliğinin durumu değerlendirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Albi Haçlı Seferi, Dinsel Sapkınlık, Haçlı Seferleri, Katharlar, Tarihyazımı

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN HISTORIOGRAPHY ON THE ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE AND CHANGING PERSPECTIVES

The Albigensian Crusade, which took place between 1209-1229, was organized within the borders of Europe and it was against the Cathars, a non-Muslim community. The political, religious, military, economic and social dimensions of this Crusade have been an important topic of discussion for historians for the last 150 years. The Albigensian Crusade process, which was previously considered only as a military and political period and was seen as a transition period for the events before and after it, has become a versatile research area as a result of the development of the modern Albigensian Crusade historiography and it has raised new questions. The aim of this study is to interpret the development of the Albigensian Crusade historiography in the last 150 years by examining the changing and diversifying perspectives towards the campaign. The first part of the study discussed published works between late-19th-mid-20th century. In the second part, the progress of the Albigensian Crusade historiography from the second half of the 19th century to the 21st century and the impact of social history studies on the campaign will be examined. In the third and last part, the changes caused by the revisionist perspective on historiography since the 21st century and current historiography will be discussed.

Keywords:

Albigensian Crusade, Heresy, Crusades, Cathars, Historiography,

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