SÂSÂNÎLER DÖNEMİ İRAN TARİHİ KAYNAKLARI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Bu çalışmadan amaç Sâsânîler dönemi İran tarihi üzerine yapılacak olan çalışmalarda bu dönemin ana kaynaklarının bilinmesine yöneliktir. Dolayısıyla makale, Sâsânîler dönemi İran tarihi üzerine yapılacak çalışmalarda hangi kaynaklardan istifade edilmesi gerektiği yönünde genelbirbilgivermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu döneme ait ana kaynaklar, aynı zamanda bir bütün olarak geç antikçağ Ön Asya tarihi kaynaklarını da oluşturmaktadır. Sâsânîler dönemi dini ve edebi metinlerinin birçoğunun günümüze ulaşmasında Dastur Jamaspji M. Jamasp Asana'nın MK şeklinde kodlamış olduğu Pehlevice Metinler'in büyük bir rolü vardır. XIV. yüzyıl Mazdeist din adamlarından Mihribân Keyhüsrev tarafından istinsah edilen eski İran'a ait metinler Jamasp Asana tarafından MK koleksiyonuyla bir araya getirilmiştir. Bu metinler günümüze Sanskritçe ve Pehlevîce olarak ulaşmıştır. Koleksiyondaki metinler batılı iranologlar tarafından günümüz Avrupa dillerine çevrilmişlerdir. Ayrıca yine Sâsânîler dönemi sözlü ve yazılı edebi metinlerin günümüze ulaşmasında, İslam sonrası dönem Arap ve İran kaynakları önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu kaynaklar arasında yer alan şâhnâmeler, Sâsânîler dönemi sözlü ve yazılı edebiyatına ait birçok hikâyeyi günümüze ulaştırma konusunda öncü rol üstlenmişlerdir. Bununla beraber adı geçen dönemin tarihi kaynakları üzerinde çalışma yaparken, kaynak dili olarak hangi dillerin kullanılması gerektiği de önemli bir konudur.

AN ASSESSMENT ON THE IRANIAN HISTORICAL SOURCES OF THE SASSANIDS PERIOD

The purpose of this work is to know the main sources of the Iranian history of Sassanids period at studyings about this subject. Hence the article aims to give a general information from which sources should be used at studies on the Iranian history of Sassanids period. Main sources from that time asa whole constitues the sources of Pre-Asian history of the late antiquite. The texts in Pehlevî language, in which Dastur Jamaspji M. Jamasp Asana, encoded MK has a big role in having been brought the religious and literary works of the period of the Sassanids to the present day. Texts of an ancient Persia that were copied by Mihribân Keyhusrev, The Mazdeist clergyman of 14th century, were brought together by Jamasp Asana in the MK collection. These texts were reached to present days in Sanskrit and Pehlevî languages. Texts in the collection were translated to the modern days’ languages of Europe by the western Iranalogists. Furthermore, Arab and Iranian sources of the post-Islamic period are important in reaching the oral and written literary texts of Sassanids period to present days. In these sources including Shahnames have a leading role in bringing many stories of oral and written literature of Sassanids period to the present day. However, which languages should be used as the source languages in studyings on the historical sources of the mentioned period is also an important issue.

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