Augustus’un yayılmacı politikasının doğası üzerine

Roma tarihinde hiç kimse Augustus’tan daha fazla toprak fethetmemiştir. Peki, ama Augustus niçin sıkı bir emperyal dış politika izlemiştir? Tarihçiler bu konuda farklı teoriler geliştirmiştir. Genel olarak, savunmacı emperyalizm teorisi, Augustus'un aslında Roma'nın komşularına yönelik kasıtlı, saldırgan bir dış politikasının olmadığını, yayılmacı bir politika izlemesinin amacının Roma Devleti’ni ve müttefiklerini dış tehditlere karşı savunmak olduğunu öne sürer. Buna karşılık, ofansif emperyalizm teorisi ise, Augustus’un aşırı saldırgan bir tutumla bilinen tüm dünyayı fethederek topraklarına katmayı amaçladığını iddia eder. Bu makalede, Augustus'un emperyal yayılmacılığının nedeni hakkında öne sürülen bu ofansif görüş savunulacak ve Augustus'un aşırı agresif ve sınır tanımaz bir yayılmacı olduğu temellendirilmeye çalışılacaktır. Ayrıca, İ.Ö. 20’de Parthia Krallığı ile yapılmış olan diplomatik antlaşmanın, ofansif emperyalizm görüşü ile tutarlı olduğu da gösterilecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Roma İmparatorluğu, Augustus, Yayılmacılık, Savunmacı Emperyalizm, Ofansif Emperyalizm, Parthia.

ON THE NATURE OF AUGUSTUS’ EXPANSIONIST POLICY

In Raman history, no one has annexed more territory than Augustus. But why did Augustus conduct an imperial policy? Historians have developed different theories concerning this issue. Roughly, the theory of defensive imperialism holds that Augustus did not really have an intended aggressive foreign policy toward the rest of Rome’s neighbors and that all he wanted was to defend the Roman State against external threats. Contrary to this, offensive imperialism claims that Augustus desired to aggressively conquer and annex the entire known world. In this paper, I will try to defend the offensive interpretation of Augustan imperialism, and argue that Augustus was cruelly aggressive expansionist without stint. Additionally, it will be also suggested that the diplomatic settlement made with the Parthian Kingdom in 20 BC is consistent with offensive imperialism.

Keywords:

Roman Empire, Augustus, Expansionism, Defensive Imperialism, Offensive Imperialism, Parthia.,

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