Hemşirelerin ve Son Sınıf Hemşirelik Bölümü Öğrencilerinin COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Mesleklerine Olan Bakış Açılarının Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışma pandemi hastanesi olan Sivas Numune Hastanesi hemşirelerinin ve Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi son sınıf hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin pandemi sürecinde mesleklerine olan tutumları ile öz yeterliliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı karşılaştırmalı olarak yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı karşılaştırmalı tipteki çalışma Google Form aracılığı ile 01-30 Eylül 2020 tarihleri arasında 270 hemşire ve 175 öğrenci hemşirenin gönüllü olarak katılımı ile tamamlanmıştır. Bulgular: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin öz yeterlilik ve hemşirelik mesleğine yönelik tutumlarının hemşirelere göre yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.001). Ayrıca hemşirelik mesleğine yönelik olumlu tutumun gelişiminde öz yeterlilik düzeyinin olumlu katkı sağladığı saptanmıştır (r=0.340, p<0.001). Sonuç: Hemşire ve hemşirelik öğrencilerinin öz yeterliliklerinin yüksek olması pandemi ve doğal afetler gibi zorlayıcı süreçlerde mesleklerine bağlılıklarını artırarak hemşirelik bakım kalitesine önemli yansımalarda bulunabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

COVID-19, Hemşire, Mesleki tutum, Öğrenci, Öz yeterlilik

Evaluation of the attitudes towards their professions and self-efficacy levels of nursing students and nurses working with patients infected with COVID-19

This study was conducted descriptively and comparatively with the aim of evaluating the attitudes of nurses working at Sivas Numune Hospital, a pandemic hospital, and the self-efficacy of final year nursing students at Sivas Cumhuriyet University Health Sciences Faculty during the pandemic process. Method: This descriptive comparative study was conducted between 01-30 September 2020 using a Google Form with the voluntary participation of 270 nurses and 175 nursing students. Findings: It was determined that the self-efficacy and attitudes of nursing students towards their profession were higher than those of nurses (p<0.001). Additionally, it was found that the development of a positive attitude towards the nursing profession was positively influenced by the level of self-efficacy (r=0.340, p<0.001). Conclusion: The high self-efficacy of nurses and nursing students can contribute significantly to the quality of nursing care by increasing their dedication to their profession during challenging situations such as pandemics and natural disasters.

Keywords:

COVID-19, Nurse, Professional attitude, Self-efficacy, Student,

PDF

___

1. Zheng S, Fan J, Yu F, Feng B, Lou B, Zou Q, Liang T. Viral load dynamics and disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Zhejiang province, China, 2020: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 369.
2. World Health Organization. (2021). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report. (20.08.2021). 3. Smith GD, N F, Li WHC. COVID‐19: Emerging compassion, courage, and resilience in the face of misinformation and adversity. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2020;29(9-10),1425.
4. Tan BYQ, Chew NWS, Lee GKH, et al. Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers in Singapore. Ann Intern Med. 2020 Aug 18;173(4):317-320.DOI: 10.7326/M20-1083. 5. Zhang W R, Wang K, Yin L, ZhaoWFF, Xue Q, Peng M, Wang HX. Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics. 2020;89(4), 242-250.
6. Aktas YY, Karabulut N. Professional values in Turkish undergraduate nursing students and its reflection on caring behavior. Kontakt. 2017;19(2):116–21 7. Santos LMD. The Relationship between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Nursing Students' Sense of Belonging: The Experiences and Nursing Education Management of Pre-Service Nursing Professionals. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug 12;17(16):5848. DOI 10.3390/ijerph17165848. PMID: 32806697; PMCID: PMC7460042.
8. Dos Santos LM. How does COVID-19 pandemic influence the sense of belonging and decision-making process of nursing students: The study of nursing students’ experiences. International journal of environmental research and public health 2020;17(15):5603.
9. Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, Zheng J. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res. 2020 May;287:112934. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934. Epub 2020 Mar 20. PMID: 32229390; PMCID: PMC7102633
10. Bandura A. Self Efficacy. The Exercise of Control, New York: W H. Freeman & Co. Student Success. 1997;333:48461.
11. Park E J, Han JY, Jo NY. Effects of professional self-concept, self-efficacy on job satisfaction in general hospital nurses. Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society. 2016;27(1):191-201.
12. Zengin N, Pınar R, Cil Akinci A, Yildiz H. Psychometric properties of the self-efficacy for clinical evaluation scale in Turkish nursing students. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2013; 23: 976-984, DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12257.
13. Lee AM, Wong JG, McAlonan GM, et al. Stress and psychological distress among SARS survivors 1 year after the outbreak. Can J Psychiatry. 2007;52(4):233–240. - PubMed
14. Maunder R, Hunter J, Vincent L, et al. The immediate psychological and occupational impact of the, 2003 SARS outbreak in a teaching hospital. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2013;168:1245– 1251. PMID: 12743065 23.
15. Poorchangizi B, Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A, Mirzaee M, Farokhzadian J. Professional Values of Nurses and Nursing Students: a comparative study. BMC Medical Education. 2019;19(1):1-7.
16. Yakar L, Yelpaze İ. Öğretmen yetiştiren programlara kayıtlı öğrencilerin öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik tutumları ve öğretmen öz-yeterlik algıları. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019;47:107-129.
17. Woo T, Ho R, Tang A, Tam W. Global prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res. 2020;123:9–20. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.12.015.
18. Shahrour G, Dardas LA. Acute stress disorder, coping self‐efficacy and subsequent psychological distress among nurses amid COVID‐19. Journal of nursing management. 2020;28(7):1686-1695.
19. Jose S, Dhandapani M, Cyriac MC. Burnout and Resilience among Frontline Nurses during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study in the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Center, North India. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2020;24(11):1081-1088. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23667
20. Xiao H, Zhang Y, Kong D, Li S, Yang N. The effects of social support on sleep quality of medical staff treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January and February 2020 in China. Med. Sci. Monit. 2020;26:e923549
21. Tercan M, Bozkurt FT, Patmano G, Saraçoğlu G, Gür SC. Anxiety and depression differences between the nurses working at a COVID-19 pandemic hospital. Medical Science and Discovery. 2020;7(6):526-531.
22. Yüncü V, Yılan Y. COVID-19 Pandemisinin sağlık çalışanlarına etkilerinin incelenmesi: durum analzi. Igd Univ Jour Soc Sci. 2020;373-401:1-30.
23. Zhan YX, Zhao SY, Yuan J, Liu H, Liu Y F, Gui L L, Li SY. Prevalence and influencing factors on fatigue of first-line nurses combating with COVID-19 in China: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Current medical science. 2020;40(4): 625-635.
24. Tan BYQ, Chew NWS, Lee GKH, et al. Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers in Singapore. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2020;doi:10.7326/M20-1083
25. Shanafelt T, Ripp J, Trockel M. Understanding and Addressing Sources of Anxiety Among Health Care Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA. 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.5893.).
26. Huang L, Lei W, Xu F, Liu H, Yu L. Emotional responses and coping strategies in nurses and nursing students during Covid-19 outbreak: A comparative study. PLoS One. 2020;15(8):e0237303. Published 2020 Aug 7. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237303
27. Moon DH. Relationship between ego resilience, self-efficacy, and professional self-concept of the nurse in early-stage nurses. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. 2016;17(8):646-653
28. Nickell LA. Psychosocial effects of SARS on hospital staff: a survey of a large tertiary care institution. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2004;170(5): 793–798. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.1031077 PMID: 14993174).
29. Chesnut SR. Burley H. Self-efficacy as a predictor of commitment to the teaching profession: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review. 2015;15:1-16.
30. Wang C, Zhao H. The Impact of COVID-19 on Anxiety in Chinese University Students. Front Psychol. 2020 May 22;11:1168. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01168. PMID: 32574244; PMCID: PMC7259378.
31. Açıksöz S, Uzun Ş, Arslan F. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin sağlık algısı ile sağlığı geliştirme davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi. 2013;55(3):181-187. 49 aynı
32. Yamamoto GT, Altun D. The coronavirus and the rising of online education. J. Univ. Res. 2020;3:25–34. [Google Scholar]
33. Kutlu R. Yeni koronavirüs pandemisi ile ilgili öğrendiklerimiz, tani ve tedavisindeki güncel yaklaşimlar ve Türkiye’deki durum. Turk. J. Fam. Med. Prim. Care. 2020;14:329–344. doi: 10.21763/tjfmpc.729917. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Ref list]
34. Shechter A, Diaz F, Moise N, Anstey DE, Ye S, Agarwal S, Abdalla, M. Psychological distress, coping behaviors, and preferences for support among New York healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. General hospital psychiatry. 2020;66:1-8.
35. Woo T, Ho R, Tang A, Tam W. Global prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res. 2020;123:9–20. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.12.015. DOI: [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
36. Poorchangizi B, Farokhzadian J, Abbaszadeh A, Mirzaee M, Borhani F. The importance of professional values from clinical nurses’ perspective in hospitals of a medical university in Iran. BMC Med Ethics. 2017;18(1):20
37. Poorchangizi B, Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A, Mirzaee M, Farokhzadian J. Professional Values of Nurses and Nursing Students: a comparative study. BMC Medical Education. 2019;19(1):1-7.
38. Jose S, Dhandapani M, Cyriac MC. Burnout and Resilience among Frontline Nurses during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study in the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Center, North India. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2020;24(11):1081-1088. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23667
39. Shahrour G, Dardas LA. Acute stress disorder, coping self‐efficacy and subsequent psychological distress among nurses amid COVID‐19. Journal of nursing management. 2020;28(7):1686-1695.
40. Xiao H, Zhang Y, Kong D, Li S, Yang N. The effects of social support on sleep quality of medical staff treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January and February 2020 in China. Med. Sci. Monit. 2020;26:e923549