Ali İhsan ÇELİK, Tahir AKGÜL, Ahmet Celal APAY, Adem YURTSEVER

Sismik Yükleme Altında Silindirik Çelik Su Tanklarının Gerilme ve Burkulma Analizi

Sıvı depolamak amacıyla kullanılan çelik tanklar arasında en yaygın olanı, silindirik çelik sıvı depolama tanklarıdır. Deprem esnasında bu tanklarda oluşan hasar tiplerini ve bu hasarlara neden olan etmenleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılan çalışmalarda, sıvı depolama tanklarının depremlerde oldukça kötü performans gösterdikleri ve deprem dayanımlarının arttırılması için yeni yöntemlerin geliştirilmesinin gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Sıvı-yapı etkileşimini içeren tankların sismik analizi karmaşık bir problemdir. Karmaşıklığın temelinde tankın ince bir cidara sahip olması, cidarın eksenel ve çevresel esnemelerinin ve çalkalanan sıvının modlarının çoklu dinamik tepkilerinin olması, içerdiği sıvının ve titreşen cidarın doğrusal olmayan bir davranışa sahip olması ve tank cidarının burkulma şekil değiştirme modalarına sahip olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Tank-sıvı etkileşim sistemlerinin gerçek davranışlarının kısa sürede incelenmesi için en iyi yöntemlerden biride sonlu elemanlar metodudur. Bu çalışmada, sonlu elemanlar metodu (FEM) kullanılarak, sismik yükleme altındaki silindirik çelik sıvı tanklarda meydana gelen gerilmeler ve bu gerilmelere bağlı olarak meydana gelen burkulmalar incelenmektedir. Üstü-açık, konik-kapalı ve kubbe şeklinde kapatılmış tanklar için 4mm, 6mm ve 8mm’lik üç farklı cidar kalınlıklarında yapılan sismik analiz sonucunda, eşdeğer gerilmelerin düşürülmesi ve burkulmaların azaltılması için en iyi tank kapak tasımı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Silindirik çelik tanklarda gerilme

Stress and Buckling Analysis of Cylindrical Steel Water Tanks under Seismic Loading

The most common tanks are cylindrical steel liquid storage tanks among the steel tanks used to store liquid. In studies conducted to determine the type of damage that occurred in these tanks during the earthquake and the factors that caused these damages, it was revealed that liquid storage tanks performed poorly in earthquakes and requirement of new methods were developed to increase earthquake resistance. Seismic analysis of tanks containing liquid-structure interaction is a complex problem. At the basis of the complexity is the fact that the tank has a thin wall, the multidynamic responses of the axial and circumferential curves of the walls and the modes of agitated liquid, the non-linear behavior of the liquid and vibrating wall it contains and the buckling and deforming modes of the tank wall. One of the best methods for examining the real behavior of tank-liquid interaction systems in a short time is the finite element method. In this study, using the finite element method (FEM), stresses occurring in cylindrical steel liquid tanks under seismic loading and buckling due to these stresses are investigated. Seismic analysis was carried out on three different wall thicknesses of 4mm, 6mm and 8mm for the top-open, conical-closed and dome-closed tanks, and it was tried to determine the best tank lid transport to reduce equivalent stresses and reduce buckling.

Keywords:

Stress in cylindrical steel tanks buckling of cylindrical steel tanks,

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