AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NDE BÖLGESEL İNOVASYON POLİTİKALARININ ETKİNLİĞİ: NUTS-I VE NUTS-II BÖLGELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA

Avrupa Birliği son yıllarda temel politika odaklarından birisi haline gelen bölgesel inovasyon politikalarını inovasyon ve kalkınma politikaları kapsamında yürütmekte olup, özellikle Avrupa Bölgesel Kalkınma Fonu aracılığıyla ulusal hükümetlere ve bölgelere fon desteği sağlamaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle, çalışmanın amacı; Avrupa Birliği’nde bölgesel inovasyon politikalarının etkinliğinin araştırılmasına ve bölgelerin inovasyon performansını etkileyen faktörlerin tespit edilmesine katkıda bulunmaktır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak, çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemlerden faktör, kümeleme ve ikili lojistik regresyon analizleri tercih edilmiştir. Avrupa Komisyonu tarafından 2017 yılında yayınlanan Bölgesel İnovasyon Skorbordu’nda yer alan toplam 18 değişken analizlerde kullanılmıştır. Analizler, NUTS-I ve NUTS-II düzeyindeki 22 AB ülkesine ait toplam 200 bölge için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizlerden elde edilen bulgular; bölgesel inovasyon açısından homojen bir görünüm sergilemeyen Birliğin, yürütmekte olduğu bölgesel inovasyon politikalarının etkinliğinin tartışılması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

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