UZUN SÜRELİ TEAMÜL VE GELENEKLERLE HUKUK SİSTEMİ HALİNEGELEN ORTAK HUKUKUN YENİDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: İNGİLİZHUKUKU

Ortak Hukuk, yazılı bir hukuk düzeninden ziyade teamüller ve yargısaliçtihatlara dayanan bir hukuk sistemidir. Lakin, Amerikan hukukuna karşılık İngilizhukuku söz konusu olduğunda, dikkat edilmesi gereken bir husus mevcuttur; BirleşikKrallık'taki bir hakim, egemen parlamento tarafından çıkartılan bir yasayı veyatüzüğü anayasaya aykırı olarak ilan edemez, çünkü İngiliz hukukunda anayasa yoktur. İngiltere’deki yargıçların rolü, parlamento tarafından çıkartılan ve her türlüdurum veya gerçekleri ihtiva edecek ayrıntılara sahip olmayan yasalarıyorumlamaktır. Yasaları yorumlamak ve parlamentonun çalışmalarına anlam vermekİngiliz hukukunda çok önemlidir, çünkü yasalaşan eylemler yalnızca gerçeğe veyauygulamaya her zaman uymayacak teorilerdir.Bu çalışmada, ortak hukukun kökeni ve nedeni, İngiliz mahkeme sistemi,hukuk hiyerarşisi ve yasal yorumu incelenecektir.

RECONSIDERING THE COMMON LAW SYSTEM AS A LAW FROM LONG-STANDING CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS: ENGLISH LAW

Common Law is a legal system based on customs and judicial decisions ratherthan enacted statutes. There is, however, one discrepancy between American law and English law, both of which are adopters of the common law. The point is that judgesin the United Kingdom (Hereinafter UK) cannot merely declare an act or a statuteestablished by the sovereign parliament as unconstitutional because there is noconstitution in English law.The role of judges in the UK is to interpret bills introduced by the parliamentsince all the situations and facts can not be covered by the bills in question.Interpreting laws and giving sense to the work of the parliament is very important inEnglish law because the acts is like wider theories that may not always fit into apractice. In this study, the origin of common law and its raison d’être, English courtsystem, hierarchy of law and the statutory interpretation will be analysed.

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