Patlıcanda (Solanum melongena L.) Mikrospor Kültürü Üzerine Bir Ön Araştırma

Mikrospor embriyogenesis olgunlaşmamış erkek gametofitlerin in vitro kültür süresince gametofitik gelişimden embriyo oluşturmak üzere uyarıldığı bir sistemdir. Bu araştırmada, iki adet patlıcan (Solanum melongena L.) çeşidinin mikrospor kültür tekniğine tepkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, ilk olarak uygun mikrospor gelişme dönemindeki mikrosporlar (çoğunluğu vakuol mikrospor ve genç çift çekirdekli polen) anterlerden izole edilerek 35°C‘de 3 gün karanlık koşullarda ön uygulamaya maruz bırakılmıştır. Ön uygulama işleminden sonra mikrosporlar %2 sakkaroz, 0.5 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) ve 0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), pH 5.9, içeren NLN ortamında kültüre alınmış ve bir ay boyunca 25°C‘de karanlıkta bekletilmiştir. Kültür süreci boyunca mikrospor embriyogenesis indüksiyon süreci mikroskobik olarak analiz edilerek bu gelişimsel sapmanın ilk evrelerine odaklanılmıştır. Mikrosporların indüksiyondan hemen sonra kallus haline gelmeden önce simetrik bölünme ve çok çekirdekli yapılar meydana getirdiği daha sonra ise mikrosporların direkt embriyo oluşturmadıkları ve kallus oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada bir ay sonunda mikrosporlardan yalnızca kallus oluşumu meydana gelmiştir ve petri başına toplam kallus sayısı belirlenmiştir. G07-1 çeşidinde ortalama 288 kallus/petri elde edilirken G07-2 çeşidinde 64 kallus/petri meydana gelmiştir. Bu araştırmanın mikrospor kültürü tekniğinin geliştirilebilmesi üzerine hem uygulamalı, hem de temel araştırmalar için yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Patlıcan, Mikrospor kültürü, Haploid, DH, mikrospor embriyogenesis

A Preliminary Research on Microspore Culture in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Microspore embryogenesis is a process in which immature male gametophytes are induced to divert them from their gametophytic pathway toward embryo development during in vitro culture. In this study, therefore, it was aimed to determine the response of two eggplant cultivars to microspore culture. For this purpose, the microspores were firstly isolated from the anthers at the appropriate stage of microspore development (containing mostly vacuolate microspores and young bicellular pollen) and subjected to pre-treatment at 35°C for 3 days in dark conditions. After pre-treatment, the microspores were cultured in liquid NLN culture medium supplemented with 2% sucrose, 0.5 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 0.5 mg/l, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), pH 5.9, and kept in the dark at 25°C for one month. During this culture process, the microspore embryogenesis induction was microscopically analyzed and focused on the initial stages of this developmental process. Immadiately after induction, before the microspores develop into callus, they were induced to divide symmetrically and form multinucleated structures, and then microspores did not form direct embryos and formed callus. At the end of one month, only callus formation occurred from microspores and total callus number per petri was analyzed. The average calli for G07-1 cultivars was 288 calli/petri, while it was 64 calli/petri dish for G07-2 cultivars. It is thought that this research will guide both practical and basic researches on the development of microspore culture technique.

Keywords:

Eggplant, Microspore culture, Haploid, DH, Microspore embryogenesis,

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