Yapay fotoperiyot uygulaması ile dağ alabalığından (Salmo macrostigma, Dumeril, 1858) mevsim dışı döl alımı

Bu çalışmada yapay fotoperiyot uygulamasının 3+ yaşlı Dağ alabalığı (Salmo macrostigma) damızlıklarının üreme dönemi ve kuluçka başarısı üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada fotoperiyot grubunu oluşturan balıklar, 01 Şubat - 31 Mayıs 2013 tarihleri arasında sürekli uzun gün (18A:6K), 01 Hazirandan itibaren ise sürekli kısa gün (8A:16K) uygulamasına tabi tutulmuştur. Kontrol grubunu oluşturan balıklar ise doğal aydınlık-karanlık döngüsüne tabi tutulmuştur. Yapay fotoperiyot döngüsüne tabi tutulan erkek damızlıklardan 15 Ağustos'tan itibaren sperma/süt gözlenirken, dişi balıklardan ilk yumurta alımı 30 Ağustos'ta gerçekleşmiş ve 13 Eylül'de pik noktaya ulaşmıştır. Fotoperiyod uygulaması ile mevsim dışı yumurta veren dişi balıkların ortalama mutlak yumurta verimi 1242,48±382,55 adet/balık, oransal yumurta verimi 1148,76±336,91 adet/kg, ortalama yumurta çapı ise 4,14±0,19 mm olarak bulunmuştur. Sağılan mevsim dışı yumurtaların ortalama döllenme, gözlenme ve açılma oranı sırasıyla %56,77, %20,81 ve %11,95 olarak saptanmıştır. Fotoperiyot grubundaki dişi damızlıkların ortalama yumurta verimi ile mevsim dışı elde edilen yumurtaların kuluçka başarısı (yumurta çapı, döllenme, gözlenme ve açılma oranları) kontrol grubundakine göre daha düşük olmasına rağmen genel olarak elde edilen sonuçlar yapay sürekli uzun ve kısa gün uygulaması ile Salmo macrostigma'nın üreme mevsimin düzenlenmesini ve mevsim dışı yumurta sağımının mümkün olduğunu göstermektedir.

Out-of-season spawning of mountain trout (Salmo macrostigma Duméril, 1858) through artificial photoperiod manipulation

The effects of artificial photoperiod manipulation on spawning time and hatchery success of 3+ old mountain trout (Salmo macrostigma) broodstock were investigated. Broodstock fish in the photoperiod group were exposed to constant long days (18L:6D), from February 1st until May 31st, 2013 and then to constant short days (8L:16D) starting from June 1st, 2013. The fish in the control group were exposed to natural light-dark regimes. Out-of-season milt was observed in males starting from August 15th. Out-of-season spawning of females started in August 30th and reached its peak level in September 13th. Mean values of absolute fecundity, relative fecundity, and egg size were found to be 1242.48±382.55 eggs/fish, 1148.76±336.91 eggs/kg and 4.14±0.19 mm respectively. Mean fertilization, eyeing, and hatching rates of out-of-season eggs were determined as 56.77%, 20.81%, and 11.95% respectively. Regardless of the fact that the mean fecundity of females in the photoperiod group and hatching success (egg diameter, fertilization, eyeing, and hatching rates) of out-of-season eggs were lower than those in the control group, the overall results demonstrate that that regulating spawning time and out-of-season spawning of mountain trout by the use of artificial photoperiod is possible.

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