SİNAN MAVRUK, DURSUN AVŞAR

İhtiyoplanktonun dağılım dinamikleri ve stoka katılım hipotezleri

Denizel kemikli balıkların çoğunda yumurta ve larval aşamalar planktonik özellik göstermektedir. Bu formlar aktif hareket kabiliyeti kazanıncaya dek balık planktonu anlamına gelen ihtiyoplankton kapsamında değerlendirilmektedir. Kemikli balıklar genellikle çok sayıda yumurta üretmekte; bu yumurtalardan önemli bir kısmı, açlık, predasyon, anormal sürüklenmeler ve saçılmalar gibi nedenlerle stoka katılım öncesinde ölmektedir. Bu süreçte, yaşam oranlarındaki küçük değişimler stoka katılımda önemli farklılıklar yaratabilmektedir. Diğer taraftan, maksimum sayıda yavruyu hayatta tutabilecek ideal habitatların varlığı alan ve zamansal açıdan değişkenlik sergilemekte; bu nedenle, yavruların ideal çevresel koşullarla buluşturulması kritik önem arz etmektedir. Balıklar, bu eşleştirmeyi sağlamak amacıyla çeşitli üreme stratejileri geliştirmişlerdir. Bu derleme çalışmasında, ihtiyoplanktonun alansal ve zamansal dağılımını etkileyen iç (yumurtlama stratejisi) ve dış (çevresel koşullar) faktörler teorik bir çerçevede ele alınmış, planktonik evrelerin stoka katılım başarısındaki rollerini vurgulayan hipotezlerle birlikte tartışılmıştır

Distribution dynamics of ichthyoplankton and recruitment hypotheses

Planktonic eggs and larvae of marine teleost fishes are considered as ichthyoplankton until they improve active locomotion. These fishes usually produce a large number of propagules however, the great majority of them die before recruitment due to the extrinsic conditions such as predation, starvation and aberrant drift. In this period, small variations in survival rates may cause important differences in recruitment success. On the other hand, the presence of the ideal habitats which can sustain maximal survival for propagules, can significantly change in space and time. Therefore, it is critically important that emergence of propagules should match with the appearance of ideal habitats. To ensure this match, fishes have advanced different spawning strategies. In this review, intrinsic (spawning strategies) and extrinsic (environmental factors) conditions affecting the spatio-temporal distribution of ichthyoplankton have been evaluated on a theoretical basis by discussing match-mismatch dynamics and recruitment hypotheses

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