Sefa ACARLI, AYNUR LÖK, DENİZ ACARLI, AYSUN KÜÇÜKDERMENCİ

Gamogenetic cycle, condition index and meat yield of the Noah’s Ark shell (Arca noae Linnaeus, 1758) from Gerence Bay, Aegean Sea Turkey

Gamogenetic cycle, the condition index and meat yield of the Arca noae Linnaeus, 1758 (Noah’s ark shell) were followed in Gerence Bay (Aegean Sea, Turkey), between August 2009 and July 2010. Temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a, particulate organic and inorganic matter were monitored during the sampling period. According to histological observation, inactive stage was determined as 100% in September. The spawning period was observed through the year except September, with a peak from April to June. Sex ratios were not equal and females were dominant during the study period (2:1). Meat yield, condition index and gonad index reveal a positive relationship between each other (P≤0.05). Among environmental parameters, inverse relationship was only found between particulate inorganic matter and reproduction (P≤0.05).

Gerence Körfezi’ndeki Nuhun gemisi türünün (Arca noae Linnaeus, 1758) gametogenik döngüsü, kondisyon indeksi ve et veriminin belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmada Gerence Körfezi’nde (Ege Denizi, Türkiye) Arca noaeLinnaeus, 1758 türünün (Nuhun gemisi) gametogenik döngüsü, kondisyon indeksi ve et verimi Ağustos 2009 ve Temmuz 2010 tarihleri arasında takip edilmiştir. Her örnekleme döneminde sıcaklık, tuzluluk, klorofil-a, partikül organik ve partikül inorganik madde içeriği belirlenmiştir. Yapılan histolojik çalışmalara göre dinlenme safhası Eylül ayında %100 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Eylül ayının dışında, döl atımı tüm yıl boyunca gözlenmiş ve Nisan ile Haziran ayları arasında yüksek değerlerde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyet oranı eşit olarak tespit edilmemiştir ve dişiler popülasyonda baskındır (2:1). Et verimi, kondisyon indeksi ve gonadindeksi arasında pozitif ilişki tespit edilmiştir (P≤0.05). Çevresel parametreler içerisinde sadece partikül inorganik madde ile üreme arasında ters ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P≤0.05).

PDF

___

Yolkolu, S. & Lök, A. (2000). İstiridyelerin (Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758) gonad gelişim safhaları ve cinsiyet oranı. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 17(1-2), 127-136.

Yurimoto T., Mori Y., Ito S.& Maeno Y. (2008). Reproductive cycle of the subcrenated ark shell Scapharca kagoshimensis (Togunaga, 1906) in Ariake Bay, Japan. Journal of Shellfish Research, 27(5), 1101-1108. DOI: 10.2983/0730-8000-27.5.1101

Yusa, Y., Breton, S. & Hoeh, W.R. (2013). Population genetics of sex determination in Mytilus Mussels, Reanalyses and a model. Journal of Heredit, 104(3),380–385. DOI: 10.1093/jhered/est014

Župan, I., Peharda, M., Ezgeta-Balić, D. & Šarić, T. (2012). Noah’s ark shell (Arca noae Linnaeus, 1758) what do we need to know for starting up its aquaculture? Croatian Journal of Fisheries, 70(2), 71-81.

Župan, I., Peharda, M., Dolenec, T., Dolenec, M., Rožič, P.Z., Lojen, S., Ezgeta-Balić, D. & Arapov, J. (2014). Aquaculture assessment of Noah’s ark (Arca noae Linnaeus, 1758) in the central Adriatic Sea (Croatia). Journal of Shellfish Research, 33(2),433-441. DOI: 10.2983/035.033.0212

Ward, J.E. & MacDonald, B.A. (1996). Pre-ingestive feeding behaviors of two sub-tropical bivalves (Pinctada imbricata and Arca zebra), responses to an acute increase in suspended sediment concentration. Bulletin of Marine Science, 59(2), 471-432.

Valli, G. & Parovel, C. (1981). Aspects de la reproduction et de la biométrie chez Arca noae L. (Mollusca, Bivalvia). Rapports et procès-verbaux des réunions. Commission Internationale pour l’Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditerranée, 27(2),135-136.

Villarroel, J., Acosta, V. & Arreche, D. (2016). Condición fisiológica de una población de Arca zebra (Bivalvia, Arcidae) del banco de Chacopata, Sucre. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 64(3), 1345-1352. DOI: 10.15517/rbt.v64i3.18424

Yıldız, H., Berber, S., Acarlı, S. & Vural, P. (2011). Seasonal variation in the condition index, meat yield and biochemical composition of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Dardanelles, Turkey. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 10, 22-26. DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2011.e5

Walker, R.L., & Power, A.J. (2004). Growth and gametogenic cycle of the transverse ark, Anadara transversa in coastal Georgia. American Malacological Bulletin, 18, 55-60.

Šiletić, T. (2006). Marine fauna of Mljet National Park (Adriatic Sea, Croatia). 5. Mollusca, Bivalvia. Natura Croatica, 15(3),109-169.

Tebble, N. (1966). British Bivalve Seashells A Hand Book of Identification. Trustees of The British Museum (Natural History), London. 213 pp.

Teaniniuraitemoana, V., Leprêtre, M., Levy, P., Vanaa, V., Parrad, S., Gaertner-Mazouni, N., Gueguen, Y., Huvet, A. & Le Moullac, G. (2016). Effect of temperature, food availability, and estradiol injection on gametogenesis and gender in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 325A, 13-24. DOI: 10.1002/jez.1992

Thompson, R.J., Newell, R.I.E., Kennedy, V.S. & Mann, R. (1996). Reproductive processes and early development. pp 335-370 In, V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A.F. Eble. (Eds.) "The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica." University of Maryland Sea Grant Press, College Park, MD. 734p.

Şahin, C., Düzgüneş, E. & Okumuş, İ. (2006). Seasonal variations in condition index and gonadal development of the introduced blood cockle Anadara inaequivalvis (Bruguiere, 1789) in the Southeastern Black Sea Coast. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 6,155-163.

Quayle D.B. (1969). Pacific Oyster Culture in British Columbia. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 169, 1-192.

Radić, I.D., Carić, M., Najdek, N., Jasprica, J., Bolotin, Peharda, M. & Cetinić, A.B. (2014). Biochemical and fatty acid composition of Arca noae (Bivalvia, Arcidae) from the Mali Stone Bay, Adriatic Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science, 15(3),520-531. DOI: 10.12681/mms.436

Resgalla, C., Brasil, E.S., Laitano, R.W. & Filho, R. (2007). Physioecology of mussel Perna perna (Mytilidae) in south Brazil. Aquaculture, 270,464-474. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.05.019

Soria, R.G., Pascual, M.S. & Cartes, V.H.F. (2002). Reproductive cycle of the cholgapaleta, Atrina seminuda Lamarck, 1819 (Bivalvia, Pinniade) from Northern Patagonia, Argentina. Journal of Shellfish Research, 21(2),479- 488.

Strickland J.D.H., & Parsons, T.R. (1972). A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa, 310 pp.

Orban, E., Di Lena, G., Nevigato Casini, I., Marzeltti, A. & Caproni, R. (2002). Seasonal changes in meat content, condition index and chemical composition of mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) cultured in two different Italian sites. Food Chemistry, 77,57-65. DOI: 10.1016/S0308-8146(01)00322-3

Öztürk, B., Özgür, E. & Ürün, A., (2005). Ölüdeniz Lagünü denizel biyoçeşitliliği üzerine bir ön çalışma. Ölüdeniz Lağüünü Sürdürülebilir Yönetim Sempempozyumu, Ölüdeniz, 27-28 Ekim 2005, 64-83.

Öztürk B., Doğan, A., Bitlis-Bakır, B. & Salman, A. (2014). Marine molluscs of the Turkish coasts: an updated checklist. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38, 832-879. DOI: 10.3906/zoo-1405-78

Peharda, M., Richardson, C.A., Onfori, A.B. & Crnčević, M. (2002). Age and growth of the Bivalve Arca noae L. in the Croation Adriatic Sea. Journal of the Molluscan Study, 68, 307-310. DOI: 10.1093/mollus/68.4.307

Peharda, M., Bolotin, J., Vrgoč, N., Jasprica, N., Bratoš, A. & Skaramuca, B. (2003). A study of the ark shell (Arca noae Linnaeus 1758) in Mali Stone Bay, Adriatic Sea. Journal of Shellfish Research, 22(3), 705-709.

Peharda, M., Mladineo, I., Bolotin, J., Kekez, L. & Skaramuca, B. (2006). The reproductive cycle and potential protandric development of the Noah’s Ark shell, Arca noae L.: Implications for aquaculture. Aquaculture, 252, 317- 327. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.07.007

Peharda, M., Stagličić, N., Ezgeta, D., Vrgoč, N., Isajlović, I. & Krstulović-Šifner, S. (2009). Distribution and population structure of Arca noae in the Pašman Channel. Ribarstvo, 67(1), 3-10.

Lista, M., Lodeiros, C., Prieto, A., Himmelman, J.H., Castañeda, J., Gacía, N. & Velazquez, C. (2006). Relation of seasonal changes in the mass of the gonad and somatic tissues of the zebra ark shell Arca zebra to Environmental Factors. Journal of Shellfish Research, 25, 969-973. DOI: 10.2983/0730-8000(2006)25[969:ROSCIT]2.0.CO;2

Mzighani, S. (2005). Fecundity and population structure of cockles, Anadara antiquate L.1758 (Bivalvia: Arcidae) from a sandy/ muddy beach near es Salaam, Tanzania. Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science, 1,77-84.

Morton, B. (1991). Do the Bivalvia demonstrate environment-specific sexual strategies? A Hong Kong model. Journal of Zoology, 223, 131-142. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb04754.x

Morton, B. & Peherda, M. (2008). The biology and functional morphology of Arca noae (Bivalvia: Arcidae) from the Adriatic Sea, Croatia, with a discussion on the evolution of the bivalve mantle margin. Acta Zoologica, 89,19–28. DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6395.2007.00288.x

Hrs-Brenko, M. & Legac, M. (1996). A review of bivalve species inthe eastern Adriatic Sea. II Pteromorphia (Arcidae and Noetidae). Natura Croatica, 5, 221–247.

Jahangir, S., Siddique, G. & Ayub, Z. (2014). Temporal variation in the reproductive pattern of blood cockle Anadara antiquate from Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea). Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38, 263-272. DOI: 10.3906/zoo-1302-7

Jones, T.O. & G.K. Iwama, (1991). Polyculture of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thurnberg) with Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tschawytscha. Aquaculture, 92, 313–322. DOI: 10.1016/0044-8486(91)90037-8

Kandeel, K.E., Mohammed, S.Z., Mostafa, A.M. & AbdAlla, M.E. (2013). Reproductive biology of the cockle Cerastoderma glaucum (Bivalvia: Cardiidae) from Lake Qarun, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 39, 249-260. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejar.2013.12.003

Ghribi, F., Bello, Zupa, R., Passantiono, L., Santamaria, N., El Cafsi, M. & Carriero, A. (2017). Reproductive ant tissue plasticity in Arca noae (Bivalvia: Arcidae). The European Zoolical Journal, 473-487. DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2017.1368725

Freeman, K.R. (1974). Growth, mortality and seasonal cycle of Mytilus edulis in two Nova Scotian embayments, Technical Report No. 500, Department of the environment, Fisheries and Marine Service, Canada, 112 pp.

Ghribi, F., Bello, Zupa, R., Passantiono, L., Santamaria, N., El Cafsi, M. & Carriero, A. (2017). Reproductive ant tissue plasticity in Arca noae (Bivalvia: Arcidae). The European Zoolical Journal, 473-487. DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2017.1368725

FAO (2017). Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics 1950−2015. FISHSTAT J -Software for fishery statistical time series,http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en

González-Araya, R., Quillien, V. & Robert, R. (2013). The effects of eight single microalgal diets on sex-ratio and gonad development throughout European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis L.) conditioning. Aquaculture, 400- 401,1-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.02.036

Hayward, P., Nelson-Smith, T. & Shields, C. (1996). Sea Shore of Britain and Europe. Collins Pocket Guide, Harper Collins Publisher, London. 352 pp.

Hasan, M.M., Qin, J.G. & Li, X. (2017). Gametogenesis, sex ratio and energy metabolism in Ostrea angasi: implications for the reproductive strategy of sperm casting marine bivalves. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 1-8.

Herrmann, M., Alfaya, J.E.F., Lepore, M.L., Penchaszadeh, P.E. & Laudien, J. (2009). Reproductive cycle and gonad development of the Northern Argentinean Mesodesma mactroides (Bivalvia: Mesodesmatidae). Helgoland Marine Research, 63, 207–218. DOI: 10.1007/s10152-009-0150-2

Delgado, M. & Perez-Camacho, A. (2005). Histological study of the gonadal development of Ruditapes decussatus (L.) (Mollusca: Bivalvia) and its relationship with available food. Scienta Marina, 69(1), 87-97. DOI: 10.3989/scimar.2005.69n187

Davenport, J. & Chen, X. (1987). A comparison of methods for the assessment of condition in the mussel (Mytilus edulis L.). Journal of Molluscan Study, 53, 293–297. DOI: 10.1093/mollus/53.3.293

Demir, M. (2003). Shells of Mollusca collected from the seas of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 7, 101-140.

Derbali, A., Jarboui, O. & Ghorbel, M. (2009). Reproductive biology of the cockle Cerastoderma glaucum (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the norj-h coast of Sfax (Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia). Ciencias Marinas, 35,141-152. DOI: 10.7773/cm.v35i2.1485

Eversole A.G. (1989). Gametogenesis and spawning in North American clam populations: implications for culture. In: Manzi J.J. and Castagna M. (eds) Clam mariculture in North America. Elsevier Science. Amsterdam, pp.75- 109.

Diaz-Almela, E., Boudry, P., Launey, S. & Lapègue, S. (2004). Reduced Female Gene Flow in the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Journal of Heredity, 95(6), 510-516. DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esh073

Crosby M.P. & Gale L.D. (1990). A review and evaluation of bivalve condition index methodologies with a suggested standard method. Journal of Shellfish Research, 9, 233-237.

Çelik, M.Y., Karayücel, S., i., Karayücel, Eyüpoğlu, B. & Öztürk, R. (2015). The effects of envirometal factors on survival, growth and biochemical composition of transplanted oysters (Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758). From Agean Sea to southern Black Sea. Aquaculture Research, 46,959-968. DOI: 10.1111/are.12253

Benović, A. (1997). The history, present condition, and future of the molluscan fisheries of Croatia. In: MacKenzie, Jr., C.L., Burrell Jr., V.G., Rosenfield, A., Hobart, W.L. (Eds.), The History, Present Condition, and Future of the Molluscan Fisheries of North and Central America and Europe. Volume 3, Europe, NOAA Technical Report NMFS, vol. 129. U.S. Department of Commerce, pp, 217–226.

Breton, S., Capt, C., Guerra, D. & Steward, D. (2017). Sex Determining Mechanisms in Bivalves. Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEERREVIEWED | Posted: 30 June 2017.

Christo, S.W., Ivachuk, C.S., Ferreira-Júniorc, A.L. & Absher, T.M. (2016). Reproductive periods of Lucina pectinata (BIVALVE; LUCINIDAE) in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Paraná – Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 76(2), 300-6. DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.12514

Christo, S.W., Ivachuk, C.S., Ferreira-Júniorc, A.L. & Absher, T.M. (2016). Reproductive periods of Lucina pectinata (BIVALVE; LUCINIDAE) in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Paraná – Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 76(2), 300-6. DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.12514

Chávez-Villalba, J., Soyez, C., Huvet, A., Gueguen, Y., Lo, C. & Le Moullac, G. (2011). Determination of gender in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera. Journal of Shellfish Research, 30, 231-240. DOI: 10.2983/035.030.0206

Acarlı, S., Lök, A., Kirtik, A., Acarli, D., Serdar, S., Kucukdermenci, A., Yigitkurt, S., Yildiz, H. & Saltan, A.S. (2015). Seasonal variation in reproductive activity and biochemical composition of flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) in the Homa Lagoon, Izmir Bay, Turkey, 487-495.

Bello, G., Paparella, A., Corriero, A.& Santamara, N. (2013). Protandric hermaphroditism in bivalve Arca naoe (Mollusca: Arcidae). Mediterranean Marine Science, 14(1), 86-91. DOI: 10.12681/mms.326