HÜSEYİN ÖZBİLGİN, H.Tuncay KINACIGİL, Yeliz Doğanyılmaz ÖZBİLGİN

Balıklarda yüzme davranışı ve trol operasyonu açısından önemi

Trol avcılığı sırasında bir çok türün, ağın ağız kısmında bir süre yüzdüğü, sonra yorulup torbaya doğru gerilediği ve bazılarının torbadan kaçabildikleri gözlenmiştir. Bu davranışları hangi etmenlerin nasıl tetiklediği; av araçlarının etkinliğini ve seçiciliğini arttırmak yolunda yanıtlanması gereken önemli sorular olmuştur. Bu amaçla son yarım yüzyılda yapay akıntı ortamlarında balıkların yüzme performansları incelenmiş ve kas fizyolojisi çalışmalarıyla da sonuçları açıklamakta önemli bulgular ortaya konmuştur. Bu derleme, balıkların yüzme davranışına yönelik çalışmaların tarihsel gelişimini, yüzme şekil ve seviyelerini ve yüzmede kullanılan kas yapılarını açıklamakta, balık boyu ve su sıcaklığının yüzme performansına etkisini trol avcılığıyla ilişkilendirerek vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

sucul kültür, su sıcaklığı, hayvan davranışları

Fish swimming behaviour and its importance in relation to trawling operation

During trawling operations, many fish species were observed to swim in the mouth area for a while, then exhaust and fall back towards the codend and finally some were seen to escape from the codend. Answers to the questions of “which factors trigger this behaviours and why?” have been important in the way to increase the efficiency and selectivity of fishing gears. For this purpose swimming performances of fish were investigated in flumes, and muscle phsyology studies produced important findings which helped to explain the results, during the course of last half a century. This review outlines the historical developments of studies on fish swimming, types and levels of swimming activities, and muscles used in swimming, then it higlights the effects of fish length and water temperature on the swimming performance of fish in relation to trawl operation.

Keywords:

aquaculture, water temperature, animal behaviour,

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