SİYASAL KATILIMDA GENÇLİĞİN YERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Bu çalışmada öncelikle gençliğin tanımı ve özellikleri verilerek siyasi katılımda gençliğin önemini değerlendirmek amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç kapsamında öncelikle gençlik tanımı yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonrasında çalışmada gençliğin katılımda etkenler ve kısıtlar değerlendirilmektedir. Bunlarla birlikte gençliğin katılım konusundaki ihtiyaçları ve medyanın önemine yer verilmektedir. Bunlarla birlikte gençlerin katılımıyla ilgili dinamikler kapsamında oy verme, gönüllülük, gençlik programları ve örgütlenmeler değerlendirilmektedir.

THE POSITION OF THE YOUTH IN POLITICAL PARTICIPATION

This study aimed to explain youth definition and characteristics of youth, and also evaluate theimportance of the youth political participation. Part of the this aim first of all youth definition is given,after that factors and constraints are evaluated on the participation of youth. And also youth needs andimportance of media are focused. All this together with the dynamics associated with young people’sparticipation in voting, volunteering, youth programs and organizations are evaluated.

___

  • Wood, D., R.W. Larson ve J.R. Brown (2009). How adolescents come to see themselves as more responsible through participation in youth programs. Child Development, 80(1), ss. 295-309.
  • UNDP, (2008). E.D.: 5.07.2016 http://www.undp.org.tr/publicationsdocuments/nhdrtr 2008/ nhdr_bp_ali_carkoglu.pdf
  • Türkdoğan, O. (1985). Sosyal Şiddet ve Türkiye Gerçeği. Maya Yay. Ankara.
  • Toprak, Z. (2010). Müzakereci demokrasi ve yerel siyasetin demokratik gelişimi. Yerel Yönetimler Yerel Siyaset ve Kentsel Politikalar, Ed. Prof. Dr. Bekir Parlak, Bursa: Dora Yayıncılık, ss. 30–42.
  • The International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF). (2004). Setting Standards For Youth Participation. E.D.: 27.06.2016 http://www.ippf.org/NR/rdonlyres/ DF423C28-F09C-4912-BE27-6C9970354EE5/0/Setstand_YouthPart.pdf
  • Stone, Allucquere Rosanne (Sandy). (1995). The war of desire and technology at the close of the mechanical age. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Sotirovic, M. (2001). Affective and cognitive processes as mediators of media influences on crime policy preferences. Mass Communication & Society, 4, ss. 311–329.
  • Sotirovic, M. ve J.M. McLeod. (2001). Values, communication behavior, and political participation, Political Communication, 18:3, 273-300, DOI: 10.1080/105846001 52400347
  • Schusler, T.M ve M. E. Kasny. (2008). Youth participation in local environmental action: an avenue for science and civic learning? Participation and Learning, ss. 268–284.
  • Russell, D. (1994). Communists and Democrats: democratic attitudes in the two Germanies. British Journal of Political Science, 24, ss. 469–493.
  • Print, M. (2007). Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy. British Journal of Educational Studies, 55 (3), ss. 325-345.
  • Pavlidis, A. ve Barker, S. (2010). Who participates? Youth Studies Australia, 29 (1), ss. 27–34.
  • Quintelier, E. (2010). The effect of schools on political participation: a multilevel logistic analysis, Research Papers in Education, 25(2), ss. 137-154, DOI: 10.1080/02671520802524810
  • Özer, Y. E. (2011). Gençlerin toplumsal yaşama katılımı ve yerel yönetimlerin rolü. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 26 (1), ss.43-65.
  • Okojıe, E.E. (2016). E.D.: 05.07.2016 http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unyin/documents/tc _addis06_1_youth_participation.pdf
  • Norris, P. (2002), Democratic Phoenix: reinventing political activism. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Molloy, D., C. White ve N. Hosfield. (2002). Understanding youth participation in local government a qualitative study final report. National Centre for Social Research, ss. 78.
  • Milner, H. (2008). The informed political participation of young Canadians and Americans. The Center for Information & Research on Civic Learning & Engagement (CIRCLE) Working Paper 60. E.D.: 27.06.2016 http://www.civicyouth.org/Pop Ups/ WorkingPapers/WP60Milner.pdf
  • Millennium Development Goals Report Turkey, Binyıl Kalkınma Hedefleri Raporu Türkiye, (2010). E.D. 27.06.2016 http://www.tr.undp.org/content/turkey/tr/home/ library/mdg/ mdgreportTurkey2010.html
  • McLeod, J. M. ve D. McDonald. (1985). Beyond simple exposure: Media orientations and their impact on political processes. Communication Research, 12, ss. 3–33.
  • McLeod, J.M., Daily, K., Guo, Z., Eveland, W.P. Jr, Bayer, J., Yang, S. ve H. Wang. (1996). Community integration, local media use and democratic processes. Communication Research, 23, ss. 179–209.
  • Mcfarland D.A ve J. T. Reuben. (2006). Bowling young: how youth voluntary associations ınfluence adult political participation. American Sociological Review, 71 (3), ss. 401– 425.
  • McCombs, M. E. ve Shaw, D.L. (1972). The agenda-setting function of the media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36, ss. 176–187.
  • Lüküslü, D. (2011). Bilişim teknolojileriyle örgütlenen gençlik hareketleri ve yeni bir siyaset arayışı. Katılımın e-hali, Gençlerin sanal eylemi. A. T. Aydemir (eds.). Alternatif Bilişim. 48-67.
  • Lüküslü, D. (2009). Türkiye’de “Gençlik Miti”. 1980 Sonrası Türkiye Gençliği, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Lüküslü, D. (2008). Günümüz Türkiye gençliği: ne kayıp bir kuşak ne de ülkenin aydınlık geleceği, Yentürk, N. Y. Kurtaran ve Nemutlu, G. (2008) Türkiye’de Gençlik Çalışması ve Politikaları içinde, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Lüküslü, G.D. (2005). Constructors and constructed: youth as a political actor in modernising Turkey. In Revisiting Youth Political Participation Challenges for Research and Democratic Practice in Europe (Edited Joerg Forbrig). France: Council of Europe Publishing.
  • Lopes, J., Benton T. ve E. Cleaver. (2009). Young people’s intended civic and political participation: does education matter?, Journal of Youth Studies, 12(1), ss. 1-20,
  • Iyengar, S. (1991). Is anyone responsible?. How television frames political issues, Chicago: University
  • Iyengar, S. ve D.R. Kinder. (1987). News that matters, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • GTZ, (2010). E.D.: 05.07.2016 http://www2.gtz.de/dokumente/bib/gtz2010-3224en- youth-structures.pdf
  • Gauthier, M (2003). The inadequacy of concepts: the rise of youth interest in civic participation in Quebec. Journal of Youth Studies, 6 (3), ss. 265-276.
  • Gaiser, W., J. De Rijke ve R. Spannring (2010). Youth and political participation, empirical results for Germany within a European context. Nordic Journal of Youth Research, 18(4), ss 427-450.
  • Galston, W.A (2004). Civic education and political participation. Political Science and Politics, 37(2), ss. 263–266.
  • Fyfe, I (2009). Researching youth political participation in Australia. Youth Studies Australia, 28 (1), ss. 37–45.
  • Frisco, M.L., C. Muller ve K. Dodson (2004). Participation in voluntary youth-serving associations and early adult voting behavior. Social Science Quarterly, 85 (3), ss.660- 676.
  • Fournier, B. ve M. Reuchamps. (2008). Youth political ınterest, political participation, and civic education in French-speaking Belgium. Civic Education and Political Participation Workshop, Université de Montréal: ss.1–47.
  • Finkel, S.E (2002). Civic education and the mobilization of political participation in developing democracies. The Journal of Politics, 64, ss. 994-1020.
  • Ferejohn, J. ve J. Kuklinski. (1990). Information and democratic processes, Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
  • Faulkner, K.M (2009). youth participation in ongoing public decision-making projects. Childhood: A Global Journal of Child Research, 16 (1), ss.89–104.
  • Farthing, R (2010). The politics of youthful antipolitics: representing the ‘issue’ of youth participation in politics. Journal of Youth Studies, 13 (2), ss. 181–195.
  • Evans, S. D., ve I. Prilleltensky (2007). Youth and democracy: participation for personal, relational, and collective well-being. Journal of Community Psychology, 35 (6), ss. 681-692.
  • Esen, A (2007). Gençliğin yerel siyasete katılımı. Yerel Siyaset, 23, ss. 34-35.
  • Erkan, N. (1985). Gençlik ve Demokrasi, Güven Yay., Ank.
  • Edwards, K (2008). Social ınclusion and youth participation: a new deal for Australia’s young people? Youth Studies Australia, 27 (2), ss. 11-17.
  • DiMaggio, P., Hargittai, E., Neuman, R. ve J. Robinson. (2001). Social implications of the internet. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, ss. 307-336.
  • Della Porta, D. ve L. Mosca. (2005). Global-net for global movements? A network of networks for a movement of movements. Journal of Public Policy, 25(1), ss. 165-190.
  • Çebi S. ve Y. Şahin Akıllı. (2011). Türkiye’de gençliğin internet üzerinden katılımı özelinde genç siyasallığı ve müzakereci demokrasi. Katılımın e-hali, Gençlerin sanal eylemi. A. T. Aydemir (eds.). Alternatif Bilişim. 198-232
  • Checkoway, B. ve K. R. Schuster (2003). Youth participation in community evaluation research. American Journal of Evaluation, 24 (1), ss. 21-33.
  • Büyüktosunoğlu, T. (2013). Selçuk ve Dicle Üniversitesi Öğrencilerinin siyasal katilma davranışları üzerine uygulamalı bir çalışma. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Büyükkaragöz, S. (1987). Gençlerde törel gelişim ve bu gelişimi etkileyen sebepler. Uluslararası Terörizm ve Gençlik, MEB Yay. Ank.
  • Brown, G. (2007) . Constitutional reform statement, 3 July (online). Available from:http:// www.pm.gov.uk/output/Page12274.asp [Accessed 1 April 2017].
  • Bessant, J (2004). Mixed messages: youth participation and democratic practice. Australian Journal of Political Science, 39 (2), ss.387-404.
  • Balsano, A., E. Phelps, C. Theokas, J.V. Lerner ve R. M. Lerner (2009). Patterns of early adolescents’ participation in youth development programs having positive youth development goals. Journal Of Research on Adolescence, 19(2), ss. 249-259.
  • Asthana, S. (2006). Innovative practices of youth participation in media, UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), 6, Erişim Tarihi:37.06.2016 http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/files/22831/11593413569UNESCO_Innovative_ practices.pdf/UNESCO%2BInnovative%2Bpractices.pdf.
  • Arches, J., ve J. Fleming (2006). Young people and social action: youth participation in The United Kingdom and United States. New Directions for Youth Development, 111, ss. 81-90.
  • Aras, H.Ö. (2006). Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerinin siyasal, ekonomik, toplumsal ve kültürel ilgi alanları. XVI. Ulusal Eğitim Bilimleri Kongresi (5-7 Eylül 2007). Bildiri Özetleri Kitabı.
  • Anduiza, E., Cantijoch, M., Gallego, A. (2009). Political participation and the internet, information. Communication & Society, 12(6), ss. 860-878.