İslami Finansın Sosyal Başarısızlığının Belirlenmesi ve Kavramsallaştırılması: İslam Ahlâk İktisadının İdeallerine Karşı İslami Finansın Gerçekleri

İslam Ahlâk İktisadı, özgün bir İslam iktisat sistemi anlayışı oluşturma ve bu doğrultuda politikaların geliştirilmesine yönelik bir teşebbüs olarak modern anlamda 1960'ların sonları ve 1970'lerin başlarında ortaya çıktı. Bu konseptin bir unsuru olarak, reel iktisadi faaliyeti finanse etmek için kaynak havuzu oluşturabilen İslami bankalar ve finansal kuruluşlar bu Ahlâkî iktisadın kurumsal veçhesi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bununla beraber 1975'in ortalarından bu yana İslami bankacılığın ticari bankacılık formuna dönüşümü, 'sosyal ve iktisadi kalkınmacıların' İslam Ahlâk İktisadı özlemlerinin hilafına eşi görülmemiş derecede bir finansal performans başarısı ile sonuçlandı. Bu yüzden İslami bankalar ve finansal kurumlar sosyal başarısızlıklarından ötürü eleştirilmektedir. Bu çalışma bu sebeple İslami bankaların ve finansal kurumların sosyal başarısızlıklarını tetkik etmeyi ve bu başarısızlığın kaynaklarını tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İslami bankaların ve finansal kurumların sosyal başarısızlıklarını azaltmak adına, bu çalışma Müslüman toplumların sosyal ve kalkınmaya yönelik ihtiyaçlarına hizmet edilmesi amacıyla; İslami sosyal bankacılık, İslami mikro-finans, vakıflar sistemi, ar-rahn veya İslami rehin sandığı ve zekat fonu örneklerinde olduğu gibi bankacılık dışı finansal kurumlar şeklinde üçüncü bir kurumsal gelişim önermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Takdim, İslami, Sosyal Başarısızlığı

Conceptualising and Locating the Social Failure of Islamic Finance: Aspirations of Islamic Moral Economy vs the Realities of Islamic Finance, Froııtier of Islamic Kconomics and Finance: New Challenges, Asian and African Area Studies

1Orta Doğu ve İslam Siyasal İktisadı & Finansı, Durham Centre for Islamic Economics and Finance, School of Government and International Affairs, Durham University Ocak 13, 2012'de Kabul edildi

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