Nato ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Terörle Mücadele Stratejilerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Bu çalışmada NATO ve Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün (ŞİÖ) terörle mücadele stratejilerini ve üyeleri arasındaki güven sorunu karşılaştırmalı olarak tartışılmaktadır. Hem NATO hem de ŞİÖ bölgesel örgütler olarak güvenlik arayışının bir ürünü olarak kurulmuştur. Ancak iki örgüt de güvenlik sorununa farklı yaklaşmaktadır. NATO için klasik tehditler öne çıkarken ŞİÖ için geleneksel olmayan tehditler önceliklidir. Aynı şekilde NATO bir yıkıcı düşman olan SSCB’ye karşı bir askeri ittifak olarak ortaya çıkmışken ŞİÖ ise üyelerinin üç şeytan olarak tanımladıkları terörizm, ayrılıkçılık ve aşırılıkçılığa karşı kurulmuştur. Her iki örgütünde gündemleri kurulduğu günden beri gelişip dönüşmektedir. NATO’nun, bu gelişimde, önceliklerini fazla değiştirmediği için terörle mücadele gündemini ikincil bir konu olarak gördüğü söylenebilir. ŞİÖ’nün ise önceliği zaten üç şeytanla mücadele olarak belirlendiği için terörle mücadelede işbirliği düzeyinin kurulduğu günden beri gelişip derinleştiği ileri sürülebilir. Bu çalışma iki örgütün terörle mücadelesini ele alırken büyük oranda betimleyici bir metot kullanmaktadır. Bu yönüyle betimleyici karşılaştırma da elde edilen verilerin bir yorumu olarak sunulmaktadır. NATO ve ŞİÖ’nün belli bir gündem üzerinden karşılaştırmalı analizinin konuya ilişkin Türkçe literatüre bir katkı sunması umulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Üç Şeytan, İttifak, Terörizm, Güven Sorunu, Karşılıklı Tanıma, Entegrasyonda Derinleşme

Comparative Analysis of Counter-Terrorism Strategies of Nato and Shanghai Cooperation Organization

In this study, the counter-terrorism strategies of NATO and Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the problem of trust among their members are discussed comparatively. NATO and the SCO, which are regional organizations, have been established as a product of the search for security. However, both of the two organizations consider differently about the security problem. While NATO prioritizes classical threats, SCO prioritizes the non-traditional threats. Likewise, while NATO emerged as a military alliance against the USSR, a destructive enemy, SCO was established against terrorism, separatism and extremism, which they defined as three devils. The agendas of both organizations have been developing and transforming since the day they were founded. It can be said that NATO sees fighting terrorism as a secondary issue since it has not changed its priorities much in this developing process. On the other hand, it can be argued that the level of cooperation in the fight against terrorism has developed and deepened since its founding day because of the SCO's priorities on fighting against three devils. This study primarily uses a descriptive method while dealing with the two organizations' fight against terrorism.

Keywords:

Three Devils, Alliance, Terrorism, Problem of Trust, Mutual Recognition, Deepening in Integration,

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