H. Nejat BASIM, Haluk KORKMAZYÜREK, A. Osman TOKAT

ÇALIŞANLARIN ÖZ YETERLİLİK ALGILAMASININ YENİLİKÇİLİK VE RİSK ALMA ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: KAMU SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Kişilerin sahip olduklarıyeteneklere olan inancı, örgütsel boyutta sergileyecekleri yenilikçilik ve risk alma davranışlarınıetkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada çeşitli kamu kurum ve kuruluşlarında görev yapan 230 kişiye bir anket uygulanarak öz yeterlilik algılarıile yenilikçi davranma ve risk alma eğilimleri ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesinde değişkenler arasıilişkiler araştırılmışve ortalamalar arasıfarklar bağımsız örneklem t-testi ile incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, çalışanların öz yeterlilik algılarının ve risk alma eğilimlerinin ortalamanın üzerinde, yenilikçi davranışlarının ise yüksek düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, öz yeterlilik algısıile hem yenilikçilik hem de risk alma davranışlarıarasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlıseviyede bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Öz yeterlilik, yenilikçilik, risk alma, kamu sektörü

People’s beliefs about their capabilities, may influence their innovative behaviors and tendency of risk-taking. In this study, a questionnaire was delivered to 230 people working in public services to measure their perceived self-efficacy, innovativeness and risk-taking tendencies. Correlations between variables were searched and the differences between mediums were examined using independent samples t-test. Results showed that employees’ self-efficacy and tendency towards risk-taking are more than average; whereas they have high levels of innovative behaviors. Moreover, statistically significant level of correlation detected among self-efficacy, innovativeness and risk-taking

Keywords:

Self-efficacy, innovativeness, risk-taking, public sector,

PDF

___

Arslan, M. (2001). Yönetim ve Organizasyonun bazı Temel Kavramları. S. Güney (Ed.), Yönetim ve Organizasyon. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, 25-44.
Baggerly, J. & Osborn, D. (2006). School Counselor’s Satisfaction and Commitment: Correlates and Predictors. Professional School Counseling, 9, 3, 197- 205.
Bandura, A. (1995). Self-Efficacy in Changing Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bandura, A.(2000). Cultivate Self-Efficacy for Personal and Organizational Effectiveness”. E.A.Locke (Ed.), Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 120–135.
Bandura, A. (2001). Social Cognitive Theory of Mass Communication. J. Bryant & D. Zillman (Ed.) Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research (Second Edition). 121–153.
Bandura, A. (2002). Growing Primacy of Human Agency in Adaptation and Change in the Electronic Era. European Psychologist, 7, 1, 2002, 2–16.
Bandura, A. (2006). Going Global With Social Cognitive Theory: From Prospect to Paydirt. Donaldson ve diğerleri (Ed.) New Frontiers and Rewarding Careers. Applied Psychology The Type House, 53–79.
Baum, J. R. & Locke, E.A. (2004). The Relationship of Entrepreneurial Traits, Skill, and Motivation to Subsequent Venture Growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 4, 587–598.
Borins, S. (2000). Loose Cannons and Rule Breakers, or Enterprising Leaders? Some Evidence about Innovative Public Managers. Public Administration Review, 60, 6, 498-508.
Budak, G. (1998). Yenilikçi Yönetim Yaratıcı Birey. İstanbul: Sistem Yayıncılık.
Chen, G. ve diğerleri. (2002). Simultaneous Examination of the Antecedents and Consequences of Efficacy Beliefs at Multiple Levels of Analysis. Human Performance, 15(4), 381–409.
Cherniss, C. (1997). Teacher Empowerment, Consultation, and the Creation of New Programs in Schools. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 8, 2, 135–152
Colquitt, J. A., LePine, J.A. & Noe, R.A. (2000). Towards an Integrative Theory of Training Motivation: A Meta-Analytic Path Analysis of 20 Years of Research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 5, 678–707.
Daft, R.L. (1994). Management (Third Edition). Orlando: The Dryden Press.
Daft, R.L. (2005). The Leadership Experience (Third Edition). Canada: Thomson South-Western College Publishing.
Diedre, E.E., Joe, J.M. & Sadri, G. (1997). An Empirical Comparison of Entrepreneurs and Employees: Implications for Innovation. Creativity Research Journal, 10, 1, 45–49.
Drucker, P.F. (1998). Sonuç İçin Yönetim (Çev. Bülent Toksöz), İstanbul: İnkılâp Kitabevi.
Eden, D. & Aviram, A. (1993). Self-Efficacy Training to Speed Reemployment: Helping People to Help Themselves. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 3, 352–360.
Geisler, E. (1993). Middle Managers as Internal Corporate Entrepreneurs: An Unfolding Agenda. Interfaces, 23, 6, 52-63.
General Self-Efficacy Scale (2007). http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/ ~health/selfscal.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 14 Eylül 2006).
Gist, M. E. (1986). The Effects of Self-Efficacy Training on Training Task Performance. Academy of Management Proceedings, 250–254.
Gist, M. E. (1989). The Influence of Training Method on Self-Efficacy and Idea Generation among Managers. Personnel Psychology, 42, 787–805.
Gist, M. E., Schwoerer, C.E. & Rosen, B. (1989). Effects of Alternative Training Methods on Self-Efficacy and Performance in Computer Software Training. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 6, 884–891.
Herron, L. (1992). Cultivating Corporate Entrepreneurs. Human Resource Planning,15, 4, 3-14.
Heslin, P. A. & Latham, G.P. (2004). The Effect of Upward Feedback on Managerial Behavior. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 53 (1), 23–37.
Hewison, A. & Badger, F. (2006). Taking the Initiative: Nurse Intrapreneurs in the NHS. Nursing Management-UK, 13, 3, 14-19.
Hisrich, R.D., Peters, M.P., & Shepherd, D.A. (2005). Entrepreneurship (Sixth Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hitt, M. A., Black, J.S. & Porter, L.W. (2005). Management. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice-Hall.
Johnson, T.L. & Hayes, C. (1996). Wanted: Entrepreneurial skills. Black Enterprise, 26, 9, 62-63.
Koçel, T. (2005). İşletme Yöneticiliği (10. Baskı). İstanbul: Arıkan Basım Yayın ve Dağıtım.
Kuratko, D. F. & Goldsby, M.G. (2004). Corporate Entrepreneurs or Rogue Middle Managers? A Framework for Ethical Corporate Entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 55, 13-30.
Kurbanoğlu, S. S. (2004). Öz-Yeterlik İnancı ve Bilgi Profesyonelleri için Önemi. Bilgi Dünyası, 5, 2, 137-152.
Küçük, O. (2005). Girişimcilik ve Küçük İşletme Yönetimi (2.Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Latham, G. P. & Seijst, G.H. (1999). The Effects of Proximal and Distal Goals on Performance on A Moderately Complex Task. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 421-429.
Locke, E. A. & Latham, G.P. (1990). Work Motivation and Satisfaction: Light at the End of the Tunnel. Psychological Science, 1, 4, 240–246.
Lombardo, T. (2006). Thinking Ahead: The Value od Future Consciousness. The Futurist, 40, 1, 45-50.
Lu, C., Siu, O. & Cooper, C.L. (2005). Managers’ Occupational Stress in China: The Role of Self-Efficacy. Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 569– 578.
Luchsinger, V. & Bagby, D.R. (1987). Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurship: Behaviors, Comparisons, and Contrasts, SAM Advanced Management Journal, 10-13.
Luszczynska, A., Gutie´Rrez-Don˜A, B. & Schwarzer, R. (2005). General Self-Efficacy in Various Domains of Human Functioning: Evidence From Five Countries. International Journal of Psychology, 40, 2, 80–89.
Mair, J. (2002). Entrepreneurial Behaviour in A Large Traditional Firm. Research Paper No:466, University of Navarra.
Maranville, S. (1992). Entrepreneurship in the Business Curriculum. Journal of Education for Business, 68, 1, 27-31.
Margolis, H. & McCabe, P.P. (2006). Improving Self-Efficacy and Motivation: What to Do, What to Say. Intervention in School and Clinic, 41, 4, 218– 227.
Morin, L. & Latham, G.P. (2000). The Effect of Mental Practice and Goal Setting as a Transfer of Training Intervention on Supervisors’ Self-Efficacy and Communication Skills: An Exploratory Study. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 49, 3, 566–578.
Paglis, L.L. & Green, S.G. (2002). Leadership Self-Efficacy and Managers' Motivation for Leading Change. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 215–235.
Pajares, F. & Cheong, Y.F. (2003). Achievement Goal Orientations in Writing: A Developmental Perspective. International Journal of Educational Research 39, 437–455.
Popper, M., Amit, K., Gal, R., Mishkal-Sinai, M. & Lisak, A. (2004). The Capacity to Lead: Major Psychological Differences Between Leaders and Nonleaders. Military Psychology, 16, 4, 245–263.
Prussia, G.E., Anderson, J.S. & Manz, C.C. (1998). Self-Leadership and Performance Outcomes: The Mediating Influence of Self-Efficacy. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19, 523–538.
Pulakos, E. D. ve diğerleri. (2002). Predicting Adaptive Performance: Further Tests of a Model of Adaptability. Human Performance, 15, 4, 299–323.
Semadar, A., Robins, G. & Ferris, G.R. (2006). Comparing the Validity of Multiple Social Effectiveness Constructs in the Prediction of Managerial Job Performance. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 27, 443–461.
Siu, O., Spector, P.E., Cooper, C.L. & Lu, C. (2005). Work Stress, Self- Efficacy, Chinese Work Values, and Work Well-Being in Hong Kong and Beijing. International Journal of Stress Management, 12, 3, 274–288.
Stajkovic, A.D. & Luthans, F. (1998). Self-Efficacy and Work-Related Performance: A Meta-Analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 2, 240–261.
Tayfur, Ö. (2005). Antecedents of Feedback Seeking Behavior. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara: ODTÜ.
Yeşilay, A. (1996). Genelleştirilmiş Öz Yetki Beklentisi. http://userpage.fu- berlin.de/~health/turk.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 02 Eylül 2006).
Zhao, H., Seibert, S.E. & Hills, G.E. (2005). The Mediating Role of Self- Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 6, 1265-1272.