Mustafa Onur ALADAĞ, Ahmet DEMİRDELEN, Rüstem DUMAN

Zika Virüs'e Genel Bakış

Uganda’nın Zika ormanlarından izole edilmiş ve bulunduğu ormanın ismini alarak Zika virüsü demişlerdir. İlk büyük salgın 2007 yılında Pasifik okyanusunun güneyinde Yap adasında patlak vermiştir. Zika virüsü Flaviviridae ailesinin bir üyesi tek iplikçikli bir RNA virüsüdür. Sarıhumma virüsü, Dang virüsü, Batı Nil virüsü, St. Louis ensefalit virüsüne benzemektedir. Zika virüsünün teşhis konulmasında diğer virüslerin neden olduğu hastalıklar olan Dang Humması ve Chikungunya hastalığı ile karıştırıldığı düşünülmektedir. Zika virüsü genellikle Aedes aegytpi sivrisineklerinin ısırması sonucu bulaşmaktadır. Sivrisinek ısırığının dışında, insandan insana, anneden fetüse, cinsel yolla ve kan transfüzyonuyla bulaşabilmektedir. Enfeksiyonun klinik belirtileri ateş, baş ağrısı, retro-orbital ağrı, eklem ağrısı, kronik yorgunluk, halsizlik, miyalji, anoreksi, döküntü, ödem, lenfadenopati ve diyaredir. Teşhis, IgG ve IgM antikorlarının saptaması ile gerçekleştirilebilir. 2015 yılında Brezilya’da ZIKV (zika virüsü) enfeksiyonu görülmesinden sonra doğum öncesi obstetrik ultrasonda ve doğumdan sonra mikrosefali oluşumlarında artışlar gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Zika, Virüs, Flaviviridae

Zika Virus Overview

It was isolated in Zika forests of Uganda and they call Zika virus by receiving the name of the forest which it was found. The first big epidemic was erupted in Yap island, the south of Pacific Ocean in 2007. Zika virus is the member of Flaviviridae family which is a single-stranded RNA virus. It is similar to Yellow fewer virus, Dang virus, West Nile virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus. Diagnosis of Zika virus is thought to be confused with Dang Hummus and Chikungunya disease, the diseases caused by other viruses. Zika virus is usually transmitted with biting of Aedes aegytpi mosquitoes. Apart from the mosquito bite, it can be transmitted from human to human, from mother to fetus, sexually and through blood transfusion. Clinical symptoms of the infection are fever, headache, retro-orbital pain, arthralgia, chronic fatigue, asthenia, myalgia, anorexia, eruption, edema, lymphadenopathy and diary. Diagnosis can be performed through determination of IgG and IgM antibodies. After the ZIKV (zika virus) infection was seen in Brazil, it was seen increments on prenatal obstetric ultrasound and postnatal microcephaly formations.

Keywords:

Zika, Virus, Flaviviridae,

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