Umut PAMUKÇU, Nebiha Gözde İSPİR, Meryem Toraman Alkurt, Bülent ALTUNKAYNAK, İlkay PEKER

Dental implantlardaki komplikasyonların konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi ile retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Dental implantlar günümüzde kısmi ve tam dişsiz çenelerin rehabilitasyonu için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, dental implantı mevcut hastaların konik-ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (KIBT) görüntülerinde belirlenen komplikasyonlarının tiplerini ve yaygınlığını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve yöntemler: Radyoloji kliniğinde çeşitli dental nedenlerden dolayı elde edilmiş 1025 hastaya ait KIBT görüntüsü kesitsel olarak tarandı; bunların içinde dental implant tespit edilen 103 görüntü komplikasyon varlığı/yokluğu açısından retrospektif olarak incelendi. Komplikasyonlar; implantların maksiller sinüs, mandibular kanal, nazal kavite, kortikal kemik ve nazopalatin kanalda perforasyon, hatalı açılandırma, vertikal kemik rezorpsiyonu, implant fraktürü, komşu diş kökü ile temas ve periapikal radyolusensi başlıkları altında incelendi. Elde edilen veriler deskriptif istatistik ve ki-kare testleriyle analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmada tplam 341 dental implant değerlendirildi ve bunların % 87.1’inde yukarıda sözü edilen komplikasyonlardan en az biri tespit edildi. Komplikasyonlu 297 dental implantta toplam 505 komplikasyon (implant başına 1.7 komplikasyon) gözlendi. Hasta başına düşen implant sayısı 3.31 ± 2.3, komplikasyonlu implant sayısı 2.88 ± 2.1’di. En fazla gözlenen üç komplikasyon, implant çevresindeki vertikal kemik rezorpsiyonu (% 59.6), kortikal kemik perforasyonu (% 40.1) ve hatalı açılandırmaydı (% 24.9). Komplikasyon belirlenen implantlar en fazla maksiller posterior bölgesindekilerdi. Maksiller sinüs tabanındaki implant perforasyon derinliği 0-12 mm arasında ve ortalama 2.36 ± 2.06 mm olarak bulundu. Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları, dental implantlardaki komplikasyon görülme sıklığının yüksek olduğunu gösterdi. En fazla gözlenen komplikasyonun vertikal kemik rezorpsiyonu olduğu ve çoğunlukla maksiller posterior bölgede görüldüğü tespit edildi. The retrospective assessment of complications in dental implants via cone-beam computed tomography Abstract Background: In recent years, dental implants are widely used for partially and complete edentulous jaw rehabilitation. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the types and prevalence of dental implants complications identified on the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methods: In the radiology clinic, 1025 patient’s KIBT images obtained for various dental reasons were scanned, and 103 images with dental implants were examined retrospectively for the presence/absence of complications. Complications were recorded under these titles; maxillary sinus, mandibular canal, nasal fossa, cortical bone, and nasopalatine canal perforation, improper angulation, vertical bone resorption, implant fracture, contact with neighboring tooth root, periapical radiolucency. Obtained data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results: Totally 341 dental implants were examined and at least one of the above-mentioned complications was detected in 87.1 % of 341 implants. A total of 505 complications (1.7 complications per implant) were observed in 297 dental implants. The number of implants per patient was 3.31 ± 2.3 and the number of complications was 2.88 ± 2.1. The three most common complications were vertical bone resorption around the implant (59.6 %), cortical bone perforation (40.1 %), and incorrect angulation (24.9 %). Implants with complications were mostly observed in the maxillary posterior region. The perforation depth of the maxillary sinus floor was between 0-12 mm and the mean was 2.36 ± 2.06 mm. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the prevalence of dental implant complications was high. The most common complication was vertical bone resorption and was mostly detected in the maxillary posterior region. Key words: dental implant, complication, cone beam computed tomography

Anahtar Kelimeler:

dental implant, komplikasyon, konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi

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