Örgüt-çevre ilşkisinde uyum-seçim sorunsalına bütünleştirici bir yaklaşım: Birlikte evrim

Örgüt yazınında örgüt-çevre ilişkisinde uyum-seçim tartışması uzun süredir devam eden bir konudur. Bu anlamda koşulbağımlılık, işlem maliyeti, kaynak bağımlılığı ve kurumsal kuram içsel yapının uyumunu savunurken; örgütsel ekoloji dışsal seçime dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çatışmadan kaynak/anan ayrılmaya farklı bir bakış açısı ile yeni bir çözüm sunan birlikte evrim düşüncesi ise, örgüt/e çevresinin birlikte evrifdiğini iddia ederek, evrim süreci içerisinde hem çevrenin örgütü, hem de örgütün çevresini etkilediğini ve değiştirdiğini söyleyerek uyum ve seçimi birleştirmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmanın amacı birlikte evrimin bu birleştirici yaklaşımını ortaya koyarak, ileride birlikte evrim konusunda yapılacak çalışmalar için hangi araştırma alanlarına odaklanılabileceği konusunu tartışmaktır.

An holistic approach to adaptation-selection problematic in organization-enviroment interaction: Coevolution

The debate between adaptation and selection has long been come up in organizational literature. At the point while contingency, transaction cost, resource dependence and institutional theories content with adaptation of internal structure; population ecology affirmed the external selection of environment. By laying a divergent and original solution, coevo/ution approach challenged the evolution of organization and its environment together and conflated the adaptation and selection with an argument that in evolution period both organization and environment has affected and changed each other. In this context, the aim of this study is to bring up the connective understanding of coevolution and to discuss the possible research areas in near future.

PDF

___

Aldrich, H., 1979. Organizations and Environments. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Astley, W. G. ve Van De Ven, A. H., 1983. Central Perspectives and Debates in Organization Theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28: 245-273.
Baum, J. A. C. ve Korn, H. J., 1999. Dynamics of Dyadic Competitive Interaction. Strategic Management Journal, 20 (3): 251-278.
Baum, J. A. C. ve Shipilov, A. V., 2006. Ecological Approaches To Organizations. Clegg S., Hardy C, Lawrence, T. B. ve Nord, W. (Eds) The Sage Handbook of Organization Studies (Second Edition), London: Sage, 55-110.
Baum, J. A. C. ve Singh, J., 1994. Organization-Environment Coevolution.
Baum, J. ve Singh, J. (Eds.). Evolutionary Dynamics of Organiations, New York: Oxford University Press, 379-402.
Bertalanffy, L. V. 1950. The Theory of Open Systems In Physics and Biology, Science, 111, 23-29.
Burgelman, R. 1991. Intraorganizational Ecology of Strategy Making and Organizational Adaptation: Theory and Field Research, Organization Science, 2 (3): 239-262.
Burns, T. ve Stalker, G. M. 1961. The Management of Innovation. London: Tavistock.
Child, J. 1997. Strategic Choice İn The Analysis of Action, Structure, Organizations and Environment: Retrospect and Prospect, Organization Studies. 18 (1): 43-76.
Daft, R. L. 2003. Organization Theory and Design. Newyork: South-Western Publications.
Dijksterhuis, M. S., Van Den Bosch, F. A. J. ve Volberda, H. W. 1999. Where Do New Organizational Forms Come From? Management Logics As A Source of Coevolution, Organization Science. 10 (5): 569-582.
Dimaggio, P. J. ve Powell, W. W. 1983. Iron Cage Revisited: institutional isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields, American Sociological Review. 48:147-160.
Djelic, M. L. ve Ainamo, A. 1999. The Coevolution of New Organizational Forms in The Fashion industry: A Historical and Comparative Study of France, Italy and The United States, Organization Science. 10 (5): 622- 637.
Donaldson, L. 1996. The Normal Science of Structural Contingency, Clegg S., Hardy C, Lawrence T. B. ve Nord W. (Eds) Handbook of Organization Studies. London. Sage, 57-76.
Ehrlich, P. ve Raven, P. 1964. Butterflies and Plants: A Study In Coevolution, Evolution. 18: 586-608.
Futuyama, D. ve Slatkin, M. 1992. Coevolution. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates.
Hamel, G. 1991. Competition For Competence and interpartner Learning Within international Strategic Alliances, Strategic Management Journal. 12:83-103.
Handel, M. J. Ed. 2003. The Sociology of Organizations. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
Hannan, M. ve Freeman, J. 1977. The Population Ecology of Organizations, American Journal of Sociology. 82: 929-964.
Hatch, M. ve Yanow, D. 2003. Organization Theory As An interpretive Science, Tsoukas H. ve Knudsen C. (Eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Organization Theory. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 63-87.
Haveman, H. A. ve Rao, H. 1997. Structuring A Theory of Moral Sentiments: Institutional and Organizational Coevolution In The Early Thrift Industry, American Journal of Sociology. 102 (6): 1606-1651.
Henderson, A. ve Stern, I. 2004. Selection-Based Learning: The Coevolution of internal and External Selection in High-Velocity Environments, Administrative Science Quarterly. 49: 39-75.
Hrebiniak, L. G. ve Joyce, W. F. 1985. Organizational Adaptation: Strategic Choice and Environmental Determinism, Administrative Science Quarterly. 30 (3): 336-349.
Inkpen, A. ve Currall, S. 2004. The Coevolutioff of Trust, Control, and Learning in Joint Ventures, Organization Science. 15 (5): 586-599.
Juille, H. ve Pollack, J. B. 1996. Dynamics of Co-Evolutionary Learning, (Maes P., Mataric M. J., Meyer J. A., Pollack J. B. ve S. W. Wilson (Eds.) Proceedings of The Fourth International Conference On Simulation of Adaptive Behavior. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press/Bradford Books, 526-534.
Koza, M. P. ve Lewin, A. Y. 1998. The Coevolution of Strategic Alliances, Organization Science. 9 (3): 255-264.
Langlois, R. N. 1999. The Coevolution of Technology and Organisation In The Transition To The Factory System, Robertson P. L. (Ed.) Authority and Control In Modern Industry. London: Routledge, 45-72.
Lawrence, P. ve Lorsch, J. 1967. Organization and The Environment: Managing Differentiation and Integration. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Lewin, A. Y. ve Volberda, H. W. 1999. Prolegomena On Coevolution: A Framework For Research On Strategy and New Oerganizational Forms, Organization Science. 10 (5): 519-534
Lewin, A. Y. ve Stephens, C. U. 1993. Designing Postindustrial Organizations: Combining Theory and Practice, Huber G. P. ve Glick W. H. (Eds.) Organizational Change and Redesign. Newyork: Oxford University Pres.
Lewin, A., Long, C. ve Carroll, T. 1999. The Coevolution of New Organizational Forms, Organization Science. 10 (5): 535-550.
Lewin, A. ve Volberda, H. 2003. The Future of Organization Studies: Beyond The Selection-Adaptation Debate, Tsoukas H. ve Knudsen C. (Eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Organization Theory. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 568-595.
Malerba, F. 2006. Innovation and The Evolution of industries, Journal of Evolutionary Economics. 16: 3-23.
March, J. G. 1994. The Evoluation of Evoluation, Baum J.A.C. ve Singh J. V. (Eds.) Evalutionary Dynamics of Organizations. Newyork: Oxford University Press.
Mcgrath, R. G. 2006. Beyond Contingency: From Structure To Structuring İn The Design of The Contemporary Organization, Clegg S., Hardy C, Lawrence T. B. ve Nord W. (Eds.) The Sage Handbook of Organization Studies (2nd Ed.). London: Sage, 577-597.
Mckelvey, B. 1997. Quasi-Natural Organization Science, Organization Science. 8 (4): 352-380.
Meyer, A. D., Tsui, A. S. ve Hinings, C. R. 1993. Configurational Approaches To Organizational Analysis, Academy of Management Journal. 36:1175-1195.
Mintzberg, H. 1979. The Structuring of Organizations: The Synthesis of The Research. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
Norgaard, R. 1984. Revolutionary Agricultural Development, Economic Development and Cultural Change. 32 (3): 525-547
Oğuz, F. 2007. Örgüt İktisadi: Ekonomi, Hukuk ve Örgüt İlişkileri, Sargut A.S. ve Özen Ş. (Der.) Örgüt Kuramları. Ankara: İmge, 193-235.
Pfeffer, J. ve Salancik, S. R. 1978. The External Control of Organizations. New York: Harper and Row Pub.
Porter, T. B. 2006. Coevolution As A Research Framework For Organizations and The Natural Environment, Organization and Environment. 19 (4): 479-504.
Sargut, A. S. ve Özen, Ş. 2007. Örgüt Kuramlarına Genel Bir Bakış: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çözümleme, Sargut A.S. ve Özen Ş. (Der.) Örgüt Kuramları. Ankara: İmge, 11-34.
Scott, R. 1998. Organizations: Rational, Natural and Open Systems (4th Ed.)- Newyork: Prentice Hall.
Starik, M. ve Rands, G. 1995. Weaving and integrated Web: Multilevel and Multisystem Perspectives of Ecologically Sustainable Organizations, Academy of Management Review. 20 (4): 908-935.
Thompson, J. D. 1967. Organizations İn Action. Newyork: Mcgraw Hill.
Üsdiken, B. 2007. Çevresel Baskı ve Talepler Karşısında Örgütler: Kaynak Bağımlılığı Yaklaşımı, Sargut A.S. ve Özen Ş. (Der.) Örgüt Kuramları. Ankara: İmge, 77-132.
Van Buuren, A. ve Edelenbos, J. 2006. Innovations in The Dutch Polder. Communities of Practice and The Challenge of Coevolution, E:Co. 8 (1): 42-49.
Van De Ven, A. ve Garud, R. 1994. The Coevolution of Technical and institutional Events İn The Development of An innovation, Baum J. ve Singh J. (Eds.) Evolutionary Dynamics of Organizations. Newyork. Oxford University Press, 425-443.
Van Den Bergh, J. ve Stagl, S. 2003. Coevolution of Economic Behavior and institutions: Towards A Theory of institutional Change, Journal of Evolutionary Economics. 13: 289-317.
Van Den Bosch, F. A. J., Volberda, H. W. ve De Boer, M. 1999. Coevolution of Firm Absorptive Capacity and Knowledge Environment: Organizational Forms and Combinative Capabilities, Organization Science. 10 (5): 551-568.
Volberda, H. W. 1996. Toward The Flexible Form How To Remain Vital In Hypercompetitive Environments, Organization Science. 7 (4): 359-374.
White, M., Marin, D., Brazeal, D. ve Friedman, W. 1997. The Evolution of Organizations: Suggestions From Complexity Theory About The Interplay Between Natural Selection and Adaptation, Human Relations. 50(11): 1383-1400.
Williamson, O. E. 1981. The Economics of Organizations: The Transaction Cost Approach, American Journal of Sociology. 87: 548-577.

ISSN: 1303-6831
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2002
Yayıncı: Milli Savunma Üniversitesi Alparslan Savunma Bilimleri ve Millî Güvenlik Enstitüsü