TÜRKİYE'DE ÖZEL TİYATROLARA DEVLET YARDIMI: AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ

Kültüre ve sanata yönelik üretimin, ilgi ve talebin artmasında devletin rolünün ne olması gerektiğine ilişkin tartışmalar giderek önem kazanmaktadır. Bir sanat formu olarak tiyatronun Türkiye gibi devlet eliyle de sunumunun yapıldığı ülkelerde özel tiyatrolara verilen destekler, günümüzde önemini artıran ve gelecekte daha da önem kazanacak olan kültür sektörünün gelişimi açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de özel tiyatrolara yapılan devlet yardımlarına ilişkin 2000’li yıllar için genel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Konu ele alınırken, Devlet Tiyatroları (DT) ve özel tiyatroların karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde analiz edilmesine önem verilmiştir. Bu karşılaştırmada; “oyun sayıları”, “temsil ve seyirci sayıları” gibi istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada Güzel Sanatlar Genel Müdürlüğü’nün özel tiyatrolara yaptığı yardımlara ilişkin veriler kullanılarak, yardım miktarlarını etkileyen faktörlerin neler olabileceğini belirlemeye yönelik regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Regresyon analizi sonucunda, Türkiye’de özel tiyatroların hem seyircilerini hem de temsil sayılarını oransal olarak artırmış olmalarına karşın, devletten aldıkları mali destek veya sübvansiyon miktarını artıramadıkları bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Devlet Tiyatroları, Özel Tiyatrolar, Devlet Desteği, Kültür ve Sanat Ekonomisi, Türkiye

STATE SUBSIDY TO PRIVATE THEATERS IN TURKEY: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

The debates about the role of governments or states to increase the production, interest and demand for culture and art have been getting important. Subsidies to private theatres, as an art form which is produced and subsidized by governments in countries like Turkey, are important for the development of cultural sector which is already important and will be more important in the future. This paper makes an overall assessment of government subsidies to private theatre in the 2000s. Turkish State Theatres (DT) and private theaters were analyzed comparatively in terms of number of plays, performances, and trends in the audience. In order to determine the factors that affect the amount of subsidies, a regression analysis is conducted by using the data on the subsidies provided by the General Directorate of Fine Arts to private theaters. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that although private theaters increased both the audience and the number of performances proportionally, they could not increase their share of subsidy from the state.

Keywords:

State Theatres, Private Theatres, Government Subsidy, Economics of Art and Culture, Turkey,

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