FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT'IN MEKAN ANLAYIŞI: FREDERICK ROBIE EVİ ÜZERİNDEN BİR OKUMA

Frank Lloyd Wright, 20. yüzyıl mimarlığını şekillendiren önde gelen mimarlardan biridir. Wright’ın organik olarak nitelendirdiği mekân anlayışının oluşumunda, erken çocukluk dönemi eğitimi, Frobel oyuncakları, Japon mimarlığı, ustaları J. L. Silsbee ve L. H. Sullivan, Shingle stili ve Arts and Crafts hareketinin etkileri görülebilmektedir. Wright, mimarlık ve sanatın, biçim ve işlevin, insan ve doğanın bütünlüğünü savunmuştur. Kutunun parçalanması anlayışı ile iç mekân ve dış mekânı bütünleştirmiştir. Mekân bileşen ve öğelerini yapıyla bir bütün olarak ele almıştır. Teknoloji ve malzemenin sunduğu imkânları kullanarak doğaya saygılı, yaşayan mekânlar tasarlamıştır. Wright’ın organik mimarlık çerçevesinde ortaya koymuş olduğu bu öğretileri günümüzde de geçerliliğini sürdürmektedir. Robie Evi, Amerikan modern mimarlığını şekillendiren organik mimari anlayışın ve Prairie evlerinin yapı taşlarından biridir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, Wright’ın organik mimari anlayışının Robie Evi üzerinden analizinin yapılmasıdır. Çalışmanın kapsamında, organik mimarlığın gelişimi, organik mimarlık, Prairie evleri ve Robie Evi irdelenmiş, veri toplama aracı olarak literatür taraması ve örnek olay (vaka) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular ışığında, Wright’ın organik mimari anlayışının ve Robie Evinde geliştirdiği yenilikçi çözümlerin tasarımcılara faydalı bir öğreti olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

F. L. Wright, Organik Mimarlık, Prairie Evleri, Robie Evi

SPACE UNDERSTANDING OF FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT: A READING THROUGH FREDERICK ROBIE HOUSE

Frank Lloyd Wright is one of the leading architects who shaped the 20th century architecture. The effects of his early childhood education, the Frobel toys, Japanese architecture, his masters J. L. Silsbee and L. H. Sullivan, Shingle style and Arts and Crafts movement can be seen in the formation of Wright’s understanding of space. Wright advocated the integrity of architecture and art, form and function, man and nature. He has integrated the interior and exterior spaces with the understanding of the destruction of the box. He handled the components and elements of the space as a whole with the building. Using the opportunities offered by technology and materials, he designed living spaces that are respectful to nature. These teachings of Wright that he put forward within the framework of organic architecture continue to be valid today. Robie House is one of the building blocks of the organic architecture and Prairie houses that shaped American modern architecture. In this context, the aim of the study is to analyze Wright’s organic architecture understanding through Robie House. In the scope of the study, the development of organic architecture, organic architecture, Prairie houses and Robie House were examined, literature review and case study method were used as data collection tools. In the light of the findings obtained in the study, it is thought that Wright’s understanding of organic architecture and innovative solutions he developed in the Robie House will be a useful teaching for designers.

Keywords:

F. L. Wright, Organic Architecture, Prairie Houses, Robie House,

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