Cennet YILDIZ, Eray YURTSEVEN, Nihan TURHAN, Mehmet Güven GÜNVER

İSTATİSTİKTE FREKANSÇI VE BAYESYEN YAKLAŞIMIN ÖRNEKLEM BÜYÜKLÜĞÜ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI: METODOLOJİK ÇALIŞMA

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, frekantist ve Bayesyen yaklaşımlar kullanılarak örneklem büyüklüğünün araştırma sonuçları üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda küçük ve büyük örneklem büyüklüğünde istatistiksel farklılıkları karşılaştırmak amacı ile küçük ve büyük olmak üzere iki örneklem oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmaya alınan tüm hastalar erkek ve 40 ile 50 yaş aralığındadır. Küçük örneklem için iskemik kalp hastalığı (İKH) olan 32, İKH olmayan 37 kişi çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Büyük örneklem için İKH olan 355, olmayan 545 kişi çalışmaya alınmıştır. Tüm hastalarn glukoz, trigliserid (TG), total kolesterol (TKOL), yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol (HDL), düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol (LDL), üre, kreatinin, hemoglobin, hematokrit (HCT), kırmızı kan hücresi dağılım genişliği (RDW), lökosit (WBC), trombosit (PLT), ortalama trombosit hacmi (MPV), nötrofil (NÖT), lenfosit (LYM) değerleri kaydedilmiştir. Küçük ve büyük örneklemler frekansçı ve Bayesyen yaklaşımla karşılaştırılımıştır. Bulgular: Küçük örneklem büyüklüğünde frekantist yaklaşım ile yapılan analizde tüm biyokimyasal veriler İKH olan ve olmayan kişilerde karşılaştırılmış ve glukoz seviyeleri dışında diğer parametrelerde anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır. Yine grupların Bayesyen yaklaşımla yapılan karşılaştırmalarında parametreler arasında anlamlı istatistiksel fark elde edilmemiştir. Buna karşın büyük örneklem büyüklüğünde frekantist yaklaşım ile yapılan karşılaştırmalarda glukoz, TG, TKOL, HDL, LDL, üre, kreatinin, hemoglobin, HCT, WBC, NÖT ve LYM değerleri her iki grup arasında anlamlı olarak farklı çıkmıştır. Aynı şekilde Bayesyen yaklaşım ile yapılan karşılaştırmalarda glukoz, TG, TKOL, HDL, LDL , üre, kreatinin, hemoglobin, HCT, WBC, NÖT ve LYM değerleri iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı çıkmıştır. Sonuç: Büyük örneklem büyüklüğünde ve yüksek bir güçte çalışmada verinin frekansçı ya da Bayesyen istatistik ile değerlenirilmesi açısından fark bulunmamamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Frekantist, bayesyen, örneklem büyüklüğü

COMPARISON OF FREQUENTIST AND BAYESIAN APPROACHES ON SAMPLE SIZE: METHODOLOGIC STUDY

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of sample size on results of study by using frequentist and Bayesian approaches. Material and Methods: The small sample consisted of 32 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and 37 control subjects. In order to compare the statistical differences between small and large sample sizes, two samples were constituted. All the patients included in the study were male and between 40-50 years old. The large sample consisted of 355 IHD patients and 545 controls. Patients’ biochemical variables including glucose, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), urea, creatinine, hemoglobin, hematocrit, (HCT), red cell distribution width (RDW), White blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil (NEUT), lymphocyte (LYM) were recorded. Patients in the small and large samples were compared with both frequentist and Bayesian approaches. Results: Except for glucose levels there were no statistical differences with respect to the biochemical variables of two groups in a small sample size when the variables were analyzed by the frequentist approach. Similarly, we did not find any differences between biochemical variables when the data were analyzed by the Bayesian approach. When the large sample size data were analyzed by the frequentist approach, glucose, TG, TC, HDL, LDL, urea, creatinine, hemoglobin, HCT, WBC, NEUT, LYMP levels were found to be statistically significantly different between patients who had IHD and the controls. Similarly, there were significant differences between two groups with respect to glucose, TG, TC, HDL, LDL, urea, creatinine, hemoglobin, HCT, WBC, NEUT, LYMP levels when the data analyzed by Bayesian approach. Conclusion: Our study results suggested that there were no differences between the frequentist and Bayesian approach results when the sample size is large and the power of the study is high.

Keywords:

Frequentist, bayesian, sample size,

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