COVID-19 pandemisinde duygusal yeme

Koronavirüs (COVID-19) pandemisi tüm insanları sosyal, psikolojik ve maddi açıdan etkilemeye devam etmektedir. Pandeminin yol açtığı belirsizlik ve ekonomik zorluklar insanlarda anksiyete ve depresyona yol açmıştır. Hastalığın yayılmasını azaltmak amacıyla uygulanan izolasyon politikaları insanları sosyallikten uzaklaştırmıştır. Olumsuz duygulardan kurtulmak ve daha iyi hissetmek için daha fazla besin alımına yönelme olarak adlandırılan duygusal yeme, pandemi sürecinin yarattığı stres ve endişeye bağlı olarak artış göstermiştir. Duygusal yemesi olan bireylerin enerji ve karbonhidrat içeriği yüksek ancak besin ögesi içeriği düşük besin tüketimleri artmaktadır. Bu durum uzun vadede obezite ve obeziteye bağlı sağlık sorunlarının artışına yol açabilir. COVID-19 pandemisine bağlı olarak duygusal yemede görülen artış için erken önlem alınması ve bireylerde farkındalık oluşturulması gerekmektedir. Bu derlemede COVID-19 pandemisinin duygusal yeme üzerine etkileri ve alınması gereken önlemlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Emotional eating during COVID-19 pandemic

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic continues to affect all people socially, psychologically, and financially. Uncertainty and economic difficulties caused by the pandemic have led to anxiety and depression in people. Isolation policies implemented to reduce the spread of the disease lead to social isolation. Emotional eating refers to the tendency to overeat in response to negative emotions increased due to the stress and anxiety created by the pandemic process. Individuals with emotional eating have increased consumption of foods high in energy and carbohydrate and low in nutrients. This may lead to an increase in obesity and obesity-related health problems in the long term. It is critical to take early precautions and raise public awareness about the increase in emotional eating caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, we aimed to assess the effects of Emotional eating during COVID-19 pandemicand the necessary precautions to be taken.

___

  • 1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus 2020. Erişim: https://www.who.int/health-topics/ coronavirus#tab=tab_1. Erişim tarihi:06.09.2021.
  • 2. Hossain MM, Tasnim S, Sultana A, Faizah F, Mazumder H, Zou L, et al. Epidemiology of mental health problems in COVID-19: a review. F1000Res. 2020;9:636.
  • 3. Cleobury L, Tapper K. Reasons for eating ‘unhealthy’ snacks in overweight and obese males and females. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2014;27(4):333–341.
  • 4. McAtamney K, Mantzios M, Egan H, Wallis DJ. Emotional eating during COVID-19 in the United Kingdom: Exploring the roles of alexithymia and emotion dysregulation. Appetite. 2021;161:105120.
  • 5. Al-Musharaf S. Prevalence and predictors of emotional eating among healthy young Saudi women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2923.
  • 6. Preti E, di Mattei V, Perego G, Ferrari F, Mazzetti M, Taranto P, et al. The psychological impact of epidemic and pandemic outbreaks on healthcare workers: Rapid review of the evidence. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020;22(8):43.
  • 7. Van Strien T, Ouwens MA. Effects of distress, alexithymia and impulsivity on eating. Eat Behav. 2007;8(2):251–257.
  • 8. Pak H, Süsen Y, Denizci Nazlıgül M, Griffiths M. The mediating effects of fear of covid-19 and depression on the association between intolerance of uncertainty and emotional eating during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. Int J Ment Health. 2021;(4):1-15.
  • 9. Devecia B, Deveci B, Avcıkurt C. Yeme davranışı: Gastronomi ve mutfak sanatları öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies. 2017; 5(3): 118- 134.
  • 10. İnalkaç S, Arslantaş H. Duygusal yeme. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi. 2018;27(1):70–82.
  • 11. Annesi JJ. Relationship of emotional eating and mood changes through self-regulation within three behavioral treatments for obesity. Psychol Rep. 2019;122(5):1689–1706.
  • 12. Altınok M. Yeme tutumları, duygusal yeme, farkındalıkla yeme ve ortoreksiyanın metakognisyonlar açısından incelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Psikoloji Anabilim Dalı, 2020.
  • 13. Schnepper R, Richard A, Wilhelm FH, Blechert J. A combined mindfulness–prolonged chewing intervention reduces body weight, food craving, and emotional eating. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2019;87(1):106–111.
  • 14. Shen W, Long LM, Shih CH, Ludy MJ. A humanities-based explanation for the effects of emotional eating and perceived stress on food choice motives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nutrients. 2020;12(9):2712.
  • 15. Cecchetto C, Aiello M, Gentili C, Ionta S, Osimo SA. Increased emotional eating during COVID-19 associated with lockdown, psychological and social distress. Appetite. 2021;160:105122.
  • 16. Coulthard H, Sharps M, Cunliffe L, van den Tol A. Eating in the lockdown during the Covid 19 pandemic; self-reported changes in eating behaviour, and associations with BMI, eating style, coping and health anxiety. Appetite. 2021;161:105082.
  • 17. Di Renzo L, Gualtieri P, Cinelli G, Bigioni G, Soldati L, Attinà A, et al. Psychological aspects and eating habits during COVID-19 home confinement: Results of EHLC-COVID-19 Italian online survey. Nutrients. 2020;12(7):2152.
  • 18. Bemanian M, Mæland S, Blomhoff R, Rabben ÅK, Arnesen EK, Skogen JC, et al. Emotional eating in relation to worries and psychological distress amid the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based survey on adults in Norway. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;18(1):130.
  • 19. Zhang J, Zhang Y, Huo S, Ma Y, Ke Y, Wang P, et al. Emotional eating in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with dietary intake and gestational weight gain. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2250.
  • 20. Kalkan Uğurlu Y, Mataracı Değirmenci D, Durgun H, Gök Uğur H. The examination of the relationship between nursing students’ depression, anxiety and stress levels and restrictive, emotional, and external eating behaviors in COVID-19 social isolation process. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2021;57(2):507–516.
  • 21. Özden G, Parlar Kiliç S. The effect of social isolation during COVID-19 pandemic on nutrition and exercise behaviors of nursing students. Ecol Food Nutr. 2021;60(6):663-681.
  • 22. Elmacıoğlu F, Emiroğlu E, Ülker MT, Özyılmaz Kırcali B, Oruç S. Evaluation of nutritional behaviour related to COVID-19. Public Health Nutr. 2021;24(3):512-518.
  • 23. Meng H, Xu Y, Dai J, Zhang Y, Liu B, Yang H. Analyze the psychological impact of COVID-19 among the elderly population in China and make corresponding suggestions. [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 11]. Psychiatry Res. 2020;289:112983.