Şizofreni veya Bipolar Bozukluk Tanılı Ebeveyn Çocuklarının Yaşam Deneyimleri

Ebeveynde ruhsal hastalık tanısı bulunması hem çocuk hem de ebeveyn için oldukça sıkıntılı yaşam deneyimlerine sebep olabilmektedir. Şizofreni ve/veya bipolar bozukluk ile takip edilen anne/baba çocuklarının bireysel ve toplumsal birçok zorlukla mücadele ettikleri bilinmektedir. Her çocuğun yaşam deneyimi eşsiz ve özel olsa da aralarında dramatik benzerlikler olduğu görülmektedir. Çocuklar korku, utanma, üzüntü, umutsuzluk gibi duygular yaşamakta; kişilerarası uyumsuzluk, saldırganlık, davranış bozukluğu, düşük benlik saygısı ile karakterize çeşitli sosyal problemler ile karşılaşmakta; stigmaya maruz kalmakta ve erken dönemde ağır sorumluluklar altına girmektedirler. Kullandıkları baş etme stratejilerinin ise maladaptif (sigara/alkol kullanımı, evden kaçma düşüncesi, içe kapanma vb) olduğu görülmektedir. Bu olumsuz etkilere rağmen, bazı çocuklarda problem çözme becerilerinin gelişmesi, özgüvenlerinin ve bağımsızlıklarının artması gibi olumlu etkilerde görülebilmektedir. Bu makalede, şizofreni ve/veya bipolar bozukluk tanılı ebeveyn çocuklarının yaşam deneyimleri ve gereksinimleri incelenerek, hemşirelerin rolünün tartışılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çocukların yaşam deneyimlerinin öğrenilmesinin, aile işlevselliğinin artırılması, gereksinimlerinin karşılanabilmesi ve baş etme becerilerinin geliştirilebilmesi için hemşirelik girişimlerinde yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bipolar bozukluk, çocuk, ebeveynlik, hemşirelik, şizofreni

Life Experiences of Children a Parent with a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder

A diagnosis of a mental disorder in the parent may lead to very troubling life experiences both for the child and the parent. Children of parents followed up for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder struggle with many individual and social difficulties. While each child's life experience is unique and special, there are seen that dramatic similarities between them. These children have feelings of fear, embarrassment, sadness, hopelessness; encounter various social problems characterized by interpersonal inconsistency, aggression, behavioral disorder, and low self-esteem; being exposed to stigma and are overwhelmed with heavy responsibilities at an early age. Their coping strategies can be maladaptive, such as smoking or alcohol consumption, thinking of eloping, becoming introverted, and so on. Despite these negative effects, positive effects such as the development of problem-solving skills and increased self-confidence can be seen in some children. In this study, it was aimed to discuss the role of nurses by examining the life experiences and needs of the children of parents with schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder. It is thought that obtaining knowledge about the life experiences of these children can help guide nursing interventions in order to increase family functionality, meet the requirements and improve the coping skills.

Keywords:

Bipolar disorders, child, nursing, parenting, schizophrenia,

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