Distal Pankreatektomi Sonrası Pankreas Güdüğünün Manuel Dikiş Yöntemi veya Stapler Yardımıyla Kapatılmasının Postoperatif Pankreatik Fistül Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisinin Retrospektif Analizi

Amaç: Distal pankreatektomiyi takiben pankreatik güdüğünün manuel dikiş ve stapler yardımıyla kapatılması sık kullanılan iki tekniktir. Postoperatif pankreatik fistül oranları güdük kapama teknikleri ile ilişkili olabilir. Bu çalışma, distal pankreatektomi sonrası pankreatik fistül oranlarını belirlemek ve iki kapama yönteminin pankreas fistülü gelişimine etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2011-2021 yılları arasında malign ve benign pankreas patolojileri nedeniyle elektif açık veya laparoskopik distal pankreatektomi yapılan tüm hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastalar Grup HS (manuel dikiş ile kapama) ve Grup ST (stapler yardımlı kapama) olarak gruplandırıldı. Pankreas fistülü tanısı, Uluslararası Pankreas Fistülü Çalışma Grubu kılavuzlarına göre belirlendi ve derecelendirildi. Biyokimyasal kaçak oranları ve ameliyat sonrası pankreatik fistül dereceleri birincil sonuç olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Ortalama yaşı 51,8 ± 15,1 yıl olan 44 hasta (Grup HS'de 28 ve Grup ST'de 16) vardı. Gruplar demografik ve klinik özellikler açısından benzerdi (tüm p değerleri p>0,05). Grup HS’de biyokimyasal kaçağı olan 15 hasta, (%53,6) vardı. Grup ST'de altı hastanın (%37,5) biyokimyasal kaçağı olduğu tespit edildi. Gruplar arasındaki biyokimyasal kaçak gelişimi açısından anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p=0,305). Grup ST’de pankreas fistülü olan hasta yoktu. Buna karşın Grup HS'de Grade B postoperatif pankreas fistülü olan sadece bir olgu vardı. Pankreas fistülü açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmedi (p=0,999). Sonuç: Distal pankreatektomi yapılan hastalarda manuel dikiş ile kapama veya stapler ile kapama tekniklerinin biyokimyasal kaçak ve postoperatif pankreatik fistül oranları üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığı gösterildi. Dolayısıyla, her iki pankreas güdüğü kapama yaklaşımının eşit derecede güvenli olduğu ve benzer klinik etkinlikle ile kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Pankreatektomi, pankreas fistülü, dikiş, cerrahi stapler

Retrospective Analysis of the Effect of Hand-sewn and Stapler Closure of Pancreatic Stump After Distal Pancreatectomy on the Development of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula

Aim: Hand-sewn (HS) and stapled closure (ST) of pancreatic stump following distal pancreatectomy are two frequently used techniques. Rates of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) might be associated with stump closure techniques. This study was carried out to determine rates of POPF after distal pancreatectomy and evaluate impact of two closure methods on development of POPF. Material and Methods: All patients who underwent elective open or laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for malignant and benign pancreatic pathologies between 2011 and 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were grouped as Groups HS and ST. POPF was diagnosed and graded according to International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula guidelines. Rates of biochemical leak and grades of POPF were primary outcome. Results: There were 44 patients (28 in Group HS and 16 in Group ST) with a mean age of 51.8±15.1 years. Groups were similar in demographic and clinical characteristics (p>0.05). There were 15 patients (53.6%) with a biochemical leak in Group HS. In Group ST, six patients (37.5%) developed biochemical leaks. There was no significant in difference between groups in terms of biochemical leak (p=0.305). No patient in Group ST developed a pancreatic fistula. There was only one case with Grade B POPF in Group HS. We did not detect a significant difference in terms of POPF between groups (p=0.999). Conclusion: Both techniques had no significant impact on biochemical leak and POPF rates in patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy. Both pancreatic stump closure approaches are equally safe and can be used with similar clinical efficacy.

Keywords:

Pancreatectomy, pancreatic fistula, suturing, surgical staplers,

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