Zonguldak'ta Yaşayan Romanların Sağlıkla İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesi ve Kronik Hastalık Durumu

Amaç:Romanlar genel popülasyona kıyasla kronik hastalık gibi sağlık sorunları, engellilik, iş ve günlük faaliyetlerle ilgili sınırlamalar ile karşı karşıyadırlar. Bu çalışma Romanların kronik hastalık durumlarını ve sağlıkla ilişkili yaşam kalitesini (HQOL) etkileyen sosyodemografik özelliklerini incelemek amacıyla planlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışma 1 Şubat-30 Nisan 2015 tarihleri arasında Zonguldak ilinde Karaelmas Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’ne başvuran 317 Roman üzerinde yapılmıştır. 18 yaş ve üstü olan, iletişim engeli olmayan ve çalışmaya katılmaya istekli Romanlar araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan, sosyodemografik özellikleri ve hastalık varlığını sorgulayan 11 maddeden oluşan anket formu ve SF-36 yaşam kalitesi ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular ve Sonuç: Romanlarda en yaygın görülen kronik hastalık hipertansiyondur. Yanı sıra % 19,4’ünde eşlik eden kronik bir hastalık vardır. Kronik hastalığı olanların yaşam kalitesinin daha düşük olduğu, sosyodemografik özelliklerinden yaş, eğitim, ekonomik ve çalışma durumunun yaşam kalitesini etkilediği bulunmuştur(p<0.05).Yaşam kalitesinin en düşük puanı canlılık, en yüksek puanı sosyal fonksiyon alanındandır. Yaşam kalitesi değerlendirilmesinde kronik hastalık durumunun ön planda tutulması, ancak sosyodemografik özelliklerden gelir ve öğrenim durumunun da göz ardı edilmemesi, Romanların yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörler hakkında düzenli eğitimler yapılması önerilebilir

Health-Related Quality of Life and Chronic Disease Status of Roman People in Zonguldak

Objective: Roman People are faced with health problems such as chronic disease, disabilities and limitations with work and daily activities, compared to general population. This study was planned to examine chronic disease and sociodemographic characteristics affecting their health-related quality of life (HQOL) status of Roman People. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional typed this study was carried out with 317 Roman People who selected randomly in Karaelmas Family Health Center in Zonguldak city between February 1-April 30, 2015. There are many Roman people living in the Karaelmas region. They were 18 years old and above, who had no communication problems and who were willing to participate were included in the study. Data were collected with a questionnaire which was prepared by the researchers and including 11 items questioning sociodemographics and the presence of any disease, and SF-36 health-related quality of life (SF-36 HQOL questionnaire. Data were evaluated by SPSS 20.0 program. Means, standard deviations, percentages, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests, Spearman correlation tests were used for the evaluation of data. Results and Conclusion: The most common chronic disease in Roman People is hypertension (23.9%). Besides, there was an additional disease (comorbidity) in 19.4% of the Roman People.  It was found that HQOL was lower in the ones having a chronic disease and sociodemographic characteristics as age, education, and employment status significantly affected health-related quality of life. Quality of scores of the individuals whose education level was high and who were employed were found to be significantly high. A negative and significantly high relationship was found between age and HQOL. The lowest score was from vitality and the highest score was from social function domains. Keeping chronic disease status in the forefront but not ruling out income and educational status might be recommended for the evaluation of HQOL and it is suggested to organize trainings about the factors affecting of HQOL of the Roman People.

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