Nursan ÇINAR, Tuncay Müge ALVUR, Dilek MENEKŞE, Döndü SEVİMLİ GÜLER

Adolesan Annelerin İlk Emzirme Deneyimleri: Nitel Bir Çalışma

DOI:10.17681/hsp.470571Amaç: Çalışma, adolesan annelerin ilk emzirme deneyimlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya başlamadan önce etik kurul onayı ve kurum izni alınmıştır. Nitel bir araştırma olarak yapılandırılan çalışmanın evrenini, Sakarya ilinde bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde Kasım 2014-Şubat 2015 tarihleri arasında polikliniğe gelen 19 yaşını doldurmamış gönüllü adolesan annelerin tamamı, örneklemini ise çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden, kronik hastalığı ve iletişim problemi olmayan, primipar olan 13 anne oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama esnasında katılımcılara çalışmanın amacı açıklanmış, tüm verilerin güvenle korunacağı konusunda bilgi verilerek, katılımcılardan yazılı onamları alınmıştır. Çalışmada demografik verilerin toplanmasında, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Görüşmede gebelere “Lütfen, ilk emzirme deneyimlerinizi bize anlatır mısınız?” sorusu sorularak başlanmış ve adolesan annelerin verdikleri yanıtlar iki araştırmacı (DM ve DG) tarafından not edilmiştir. Görüşmeler hastanede bir odada gerçekleştirilmiş, araştırmacılar ve anne dışında hiç kimse odaya alınmamıştır. Görüşmeler yaklaşık 45 dakika sürmüştür. Görüşme esnasında araştırmacılar anneyi yönlendirmemeye özen göstermiştir. Başlangıçta belli bir anne sayısı hedeflenmemiş, annelerin görüş ve uygulamaları birbirinin tekrarlayıp, değişik görüşler çıkmadığı izlenimi edilene kadar çalışma sürdürülmüştür. Görüşmeler 4 aylık bir zaman diliminde tamamlanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin içerik analizi, araştırmacılar tarafından yapılarak, ana temalar belirlenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan annelerin yaş ortalaması 18,30±0,85 olup, annelerin % 84,6’sı (n=11) ilköğretim mezunu olduğunu, %92,3’ü (n=12) çalışmadığını ve %69,2’si (n=9) doğumunun normal olduğunu ifade etti. Görüşme sırasında elde edilen verilerin analizi sonrasında oluşturulan temalar; “annelik duygusunda belirsizlik ve karmaşa”, “emzirme ve anne sütünün yararları ile ilgili algıda eksiklik”, “emzirme niyeti”, “ilk emzirmede yaşananlar”, “emzirme ile ilgili sosyal ve profesyonel destek gereksinimine ilişkin görüşlerdir. Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda adolesan annelerin anneliğe yeterince hazır olmadıkları ve ilk emzirme deneyimlerinde de daha fazla desteğe gereksinim duydukları görüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

adolesan anne, anneliğe hazır olma

First Breastfeeding Experience of Adolescent Mothers: A Qualitative Study

DOI:10.17681/hsp.470571Purpose: Aim of the study is to find out the themes related to the first breastfeeding experince of the adolescent mothers. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study is approved by the local ethical commitee of the Sakarya University and, was conducted at Sakarya Education and Research Hospital between November 2014 and February 2015. Primipara younger than the age of 19 participated the study with their free will after being informed about the study. Exclusion criteria were: having chronic disease and/or communication problems. Demographic data were collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire designed by the researchers. The face to face interview started with “Please tell us about your very first breastfeeding experience”. All interview courses took place at a private room and were noted by one of the researchers (DK, DG). Minimum duration of the interviews was 45 minutes. The researchers paid particular attention to not to plant any idea or attitude. The study was study was terminated after four months period; when the researchers had the consensus of “no new practice/remark”. Researcher made their personal content analysis after decryption of the interviews and at the end of some meeting serials reconciliation on the themes was granted. Results: The mean age of the mothers was 18.30 ±0.85, 84.6% was primary graduate; 92.3 % was not working and 69.2% gave normal vaginal birth to their child. Main themes of the interviews were: “obscurity of feelings related to being mother”, “insufficient perception about the advantages of breastfeeding and breast-milk”, “breastfeeding intention”, “personal impressions about first breastfeeding”, “social and professional support need during breastfeeding” Conclusion: Results of the study are: adolescents are not enough prepared to “being” mother and adolescent mothers are in need of social and professional support during their first breastfeeding experiences.t during their first breastfeeding experiences.

Keywords:

adolescent mother, readiness to being mother,

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