2011

Obezitede yağ dokusunun ve çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin inflamasyondaki rolü

Vücutta yağ dokusunun artması şeklinde tanımlanan obezite, epidemik boyutlara ulaşan bir sağlık sorunudur. Trigliserit depolayan ve vücudun enerji deposu olarak bilinen adipoz dokunun aynı zamanda aktif bir endokrin organ olduğu ve bir çok biyoaktif peptidi salgıladığı da bilinmektedir. Yağ dokusundan leptin, rezistin, adiponektin, adipsin, tümör nekroz faktör alfa (TNF-a), interlökin 6 (IL-6), İL-10, İL-18, C-reaktif protein (CRP), serum amiloid A (SAA) ve haptoglobin gibi protein yapısında çok sayıda inflamatuar ve antiinflamatuar özellikte madde salgılanmaktadır. Obezite ile beraber gözlenen, tip 2 diyabet, arteriosklerozis, metabolik sendrom, hipertansiyon gibi pek çok hastalığın da artan yağ dokusunun bu fonksiyonlarıyla ilişkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Obezitenin düşük düzeyde kronik bir inflamatuar durum olduğu bilinmektedir. Obezitede inflamasyonun azaltılmasında, düzenli egzersiz yapılmasının ve beslenme alışkanlıklarının düzeltilmesinin önemli olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Ağırlık kaybı sağlayacak düzeyde enerji alımının kısıtlanmasının yanı sıra çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin alımının bu kronik inflamasyonun azaltılmasında ve obeziteyle ilişkili hastalıkların önlenmesinde faydalı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

The role of adipose tissue and polyunsaturated fatty acids in inflammation in obesity

Obesity, which is defined as the increase in adipose tissue in the body, is a health problem which has reached in an epidemic extent. Adipose tissue, which has been known to be the energy store and to depot triglyceride, has been understood that it is an active endocrine organ and secretes a number of bioactive peptide and hormone. Many inflammatory and antiinflammatory substances in protein structure such as leptin, resistin, adiponectin, adipsine, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), interleukins-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-18, C- reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobine are secreted by the adipose tissue. Many diseases-which are observed with obesity-such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, hypertension are thought to be associated with these functions of increased adipose tissue. Obesity is known to be a chronic inflammatory condition in a low level. It is suggested that regular exercise and improving nutritional habits are important in decreasing inflammation in obesity. Beside restricting energy intake providing a decrease in body weight, intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids is thought to be beneficial in decreasing this chronic inflammation and preventing diseases related with obesity.

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