BIST-100 ENDEKSİNDE İŞLEM GÖREN MEVDUAT BANKALARININ FİNANSAL PERFORMANSLARININ İNCELENMESİ

Bankacılık sektörü finans sektörünün en önemli yapı taşlarından birisi olup ülke ekonomisi için de değerli katkılar sunmaktadır. Bankacılık sektöründe yer alan güçlü bankaların finansal performanslarının incelenmesi, ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik etmek ve finansal istikrarı artırmak için önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, BIST-100 endeksinde işlem gören mevduat bankalarının finansal performanslarını etkileyen faktörler incelenmektedir. Çalışmada nicel analiz yöntemi tercih edilmiş olup, 2012-2022 yılları arasını kapsayan verilerin analizi için regresyon ve korelasyon testleri uygulanmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, enflasyon ve GSYİH değişkenleri ile bankaların finansal performansları arasındaki ilişkiler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Genelleştirilmiş Lineer Model (Logit) analiz sonuçlarına göre, enflasyon üzerinde Sermaye Yeterlilik Oranı, Toplam Krediler/Toplam Varlıklar, Toplam Krediler/Toplam Mevduat, Ortalama Aktif Kârlılık ve Ortalama Öz Kaynak Kârlılığı değişkenlerinin ve GSYİH üzerinde Toplam Krediler/Toplam Varlıklar ve Likit Aktifler/Toplam Aktifler değişkenlerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile makroekonomik koşulların bankaların finansal performans üzerindeki etkilerini anlamak ve değerlendirmek maksatlarıyla literatüre katkı sunulması hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Finans, Bankacılık, Finansal Performans

Investigation of Financial Performances of Deposit Banks Traded in BIST-100 Index

The banking sector is one of the most important building blocks of the financial sector and provides valuable contributions to the country's economy. Examining the financial performance of strong banks in the banking sector is important to promote economic growth and increase financial stability. In this study, the factors affecting the financial performance of deposit banks traded in the BIST-100 index are examined. Quantitative analysis method was preferred in the study, and regression and correlation tests were applied to analyze the data covering the period 2012-2022. According to the results of the correlation analysis, the relationships between inflation and GDP variables and the financial performances of banks were found to be statistically significant. According to the Generalized Linear Model (Logit) analysis results, the variables Capital Adequacy Ratio, Total Loans/Total Assets, Total Loans/Total Deposits, Average Asset Profitability and Average Equity Profitability on inflation and Total Loans/Total Assets and Liquid Assets/Total on GDP. Assets variables were found to be statistically significant. This study aims to contribute to the literature in order to understand and evaluate the effects of macroeconomic conditions on the financial performance of banks.

Keywords:

Finance, Banking, Financial Performance,

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