Md. ASADUJJAMAN1, Md. Parvez ANWAR, Akbar HOSSAIN, Sinthia Afsana KHEYA, Ahmed Khairul HASAN, Sabina YEASMIN, A. K. M. Mominul ISLAM

40139

Bangladeş’te Geç Ekim Koşullarında Yazlık Buğday Verimliliğinin Tohum Ön İşlemesi Yoluyla Artırılması

Bangladeş’te önceki ürünlerin geç hasat edilmesi nedeniyle buğday ekimi geciktirilebilmektedir. Geç ekim koşullarında, sıcaklık stresi buğdayın zayıf gelişmesine neden olur ve bu durum tohum ön işleme teknikleri kullanılarak önlenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, geç ekim yapıldığında tohum ön işleme yöntemlerinin buğday büyümesini ve verimini artırmada etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. Bu amaçla, araştırmamız Aralık 2019’dan Mart 2020’ye kadar, Bangladeş Tarım Üniversitesi Zirai Araştırma arazilerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma, Faktör A - BARI Gom-27 ve BARI Gom-33 olmak üzere iki farklı buğday çeşidi; Faktör B - 01 Aralık 2019, 15 Aralık 2019 ve 30 Aralık 2019 olmak üzere üç farklı ekim tarihi; ve Faktör C - kontrol grubu (ön işlem yapılmamış tohumlar), 20000 ppm CaCl2 ve 20000 ppm KCl ile ön işlem yapılmış tohumlar olmak üzere üç faktörden oluşmuştur. Deneme bölünen bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırma, tohum öncesi işlemenin bitki büyümesini, metrekaredeki başak sayısını, başaktaki tane sayısını, bin tane ağırlığı ve tane verimini artırmada genel olarak etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Hem KCl hem de CaCl2 ön işleme uygulamaları, önemli ölçüde benzer bir performans sergilemiştir. BARI Gom-33 çeşidi, sıcaklık stresi ile mücadele konusunda daha dirençli olduğu için, başak uzunluğu ve başaktaki tane sayısı açısından BARI Gom-27’den daha iyi sonuçlar göstermiştir. Ancak, BARI Gom-27 ve BARI Gom-33 çeşitlerinde ekim geciktikçe benzer sonuçlar göstererek sıcaklık stresi nedeniyle buğday verimi azalmıştır. Tüm ekim tarihlerinde tane verimini artırmada tohum öncesi işlemin önemi açık bir şekilde görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, tohum ön işlemesi yapıldıktan sonra buğdayın 15 Kasım’a kadar ekilmesi önerilir ve ekimin gecikmesi durumunda, sıcaklık stresini bir dereceye kadar azaltmak için tohum ön işlemesi şarttır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Büyüme, sıcaklık stresi, tohum güçlendirme, ekim zamanı, buğday, verim

Augmenting Spring Wheat Productivity Through Seed Priming Under Late-Sown Condition in Bangladesh

The sowing of wheat can be delayed in Bangladesh because of the late harvesting of previous crops. Under late-sown conditions, heat stress results in poor development of wheat, which may be avoided by seed priming techniques. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of several seed priming methods for boosting wheat growth and yield when sown late. In this regard, from December 2019 to March 2020, a field investigation was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University. The experiment comprised three factors, Factor A: wheat variety namely, BARI Gom-27 and BARI Gom-33; Factor B: sowing dates such as 01 December 2019, 15 December 2019, and 30 December 2019; Factor C: Method of seed priming namely, control (no priming), priming with 20,000 ppm calcium chloride and priming with 20,000 ppm potassium chloride. With three replications, the experiment was set up using a split–split plot design. Research revealed that seed priming was generally effective in promoting plant growth, spikes number m−2, grains spike−1, thousand-grain weight, and grain yield. Both potassium chloride and calcium chloride performed significantly similar. As BARI Gom-33 is more resistant to heat stress, it outperformed BARI Gom-27 in terms of spike length and grains spike−1. However, BARI Gom-27 and BARI Gom-33 performed quite similarly and wheat yield decreased gradually with the delay of sowing due to temperature stress. A clear advantage of seed priming was found in increasing grain yield at all sowing dates. Therefore, it is recommended to sow wheat by 15 November following seed priming and in case of delay sowing seed priming is a must to mitigate the temperature stress to some extent.
Keywords:

Growth, heat stress, seed invigoration, sowing time, wheat, yield,

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Research in Agricultural Sciences-Cover
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2023
  • Yayıncı: Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi
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