Başkasının Üzüntüsüne Sevinme Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması

Crysel (2014), sosyal yaşamda çeşitli talihsiz olaylar karşısında başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme duygusunun bir kişilik özelliği olarak ele alınabileceğini ileri sürmüştür. Bu doğrultuda, iyicil ve kötücül başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme olmak üzere iki faktöre sahip ve toplam 12 maddeden oluşan bir ölçek geliştirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Crysel (2014) tarafından Amerikan örnekleminde geliştirilen Başkasının Üzüntüsüne Sevinme Ölçeği’ni Türkçeye uyarlamak ve psikometrik özelliklerini incelemektir. Bu çalışmanın örneklemini 379 üniversite öğrencisi (183 erkek, 196 kadın, Ort.yaş = 20.6, SS = 2.48) oluşturmaktadır. Başkasının Üzüntüsüne Sevinme Ölçeği’ne ek olarak katılımcılara geçerlik sınamaları kapsamında Toronto Empati Ölçeği ve BeMaS- Haset ve Gıpta Ölçeği de verilmiştir. Psikometrik sınamalar kapsamında madde analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, diğer yapılarla ilişkiler ve güvenirlik için tutarlık analizi uygulanmıştır. Madde analizi, ölçek maddelerinin madde toplam korelasyon katsayılarının uygun değerlere sahip olduğunu göstermektedir (.27- .46). Doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri sonucunda toplam beş model sınanmış ve elde edilen bulgular ölçeğin Türkçe formunun yeterli uyum değerlerine sahip olduğunu ve orijinal ölçek ile benzer faktör yapısına sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Beklenildiği şekilde, faktörlerin kendi aralarındaki ve ölçekle olan ilişkileri anlamlı olduğu gibi; başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme ile empati arasında negatif yönlü, haset arasında ise pozitif yönlü bir ilişki vardır. Ayrıca, sonuçlar gıpta ile başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme duygusu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığını göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, Başkasının Üzüntüsüne Sevinme Ölçeği’nin Türkçe formu iki faktörden ve 11 maddeden oluşmuştur. Yapılan analizler doğrultusunda ilgili ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olabileceğine ilişkin çeşitli kanıtlar elde edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla, bu ölçek kişiler arası süreçleri, duyguları, benliği ve kişilik özelliklerini inceleyecek gelecek araştırmalarda başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme duygusunun düzeyini belirlemek için kolayca kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme, geçerlik, güvenirlik, empati, kıskançlık

The Adaptation of the Schadenfreude Scale into Turkish Culture

Crysel (2014) argued that Schadenfreude can be evaluated as a trait in the face of various unfortunate events in social life. Accordingly, she developed a 12-item scale that consists of two dimensions: benign and malicious Schadenfreude. The present study aims to adapt the Schadenfreude Scale Crysel developed for American culture to Turkish and to examine its psychometric properties. The study’s sample is comprised of 379 university students (183 male, 196 female, Mage = 20.6, SD = 2.48). The participants were given the Toronto Empathy Scale and Benign and Malicious Envy Scale to test the validity of the Schadenfreude Scale. Item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency were respectively performed on the data obtained from the sample. The item analysis demonstrated the item-total correlation values to be suitable (ranging from .27- .46). As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis, five models were generated, and the obtained findings show the Turkish form of the scale to have adequate fit indexes and a factor structure similar to the original scale. As expected, a positive correlation was found between Schadenfreude and malicious envy, whereas a negative correlation was found between Schadenfreude and empathy. Also, the results revealed no relationship to be present between benign envy and Schadenfreude. As a result, the Turkish form of the Schadenfreude Scale consists of two factors and 11 items. According to the analysis, a variety of evidence was obtained showing the scale to be a valid and reliable measuring tool. Hence, this scale can easily be used to determine the level of Schadenfreude in future research investigating interpersonal processes, emotions, the self, and traits.

Keywords:

Schadenfreude, validity, reliability, empathy, envy,

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