Ruhsal Bozukluklarda Bilgilendirilmiş Onam ve Onam Verme Kapasitesi

Sağlık alanında etik davranışları belirleyen dört temel ilke (özerkliğe saygı, faydalı olma, zarar vermeme ve adalet) içinde en çok 'özerkliğe saygı' prensibiyle ilişkili olan bilgilendirilmiş onam aynı zamanda danışanın karar verme hakkı ve hastaya/danışana ve özerkliğine verilen değeri de yansıtır. Bilgilendirilmiş onam, bireyin pek çok farklı seçenek içinden kendisi için en uygun yöntemi seçmek üzere mantıklı bir karar almasını ve klinisyen ile etkileşimi de kapsayan bilgi paylaşım sürecidir. Bu kavram gizliliğin sınırlarına, yetkinliğe, uygun ve yeterli bilgi paylaşımına, gönüllülüğe dair ölçütlerin neler olduğuna ilişkin klinisyenlere ışık tutmaktadır. Bir kuramsal derleme olan bu çalışmada bilgilendirilmiş onam kavramının tanımları ve içeriği paylaşıldıktan sonra, psikoterapistlerin psikoterapi sürecinde kullanacakları onam formunun neleri kapsaması, bilgilendirilmiş onam bileşenleri irdelenmiştir. Ardından yukarıda belirtilen tanı grupları kapsamında ruhsal bozukluklar ve onam verme kapasitesi ilişkisi incelenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bilgilendirilmiş onam, etik ikilem, onam verme kapasitesi, ruhsal bozukluklar

Informed Consent and Capacity to Give Consent in Mental Disorders

Among four basic principles (respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-malfeasance, and justice) which determine ethical behaviors in healthcare, informed consent is mostly related to 'respect for autonomy'. Also, it reflects patient/client's right for decision and the value given for the client and his/her autonomy. Informed consent is an information sharing process including both rational decision-making about the most appropriate method among many different options and the interaction between the clinician and the client. This concept sheds light on criteria regarding the limits of confidentiality, competency, appropriate and sufficient information sharing and voluntariness. In this theoretical review, the definitions and the content of informed consent were shared, and then a section regarding the required content of informed consent for psychotherapy process was provided. Then, the components of informed consent were discussed and the relationship between capacity to consent and mental disorders in terms of aforementioned diagnostic groups was examined.

Keywords:

Informed consent, capacity to consent, mental disorders,

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