Gülmek Neden İyileştirir? Terapide Mizah Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Derleme

Mizah mutluluk, üzüntü, öfke, şaşkınlık gibi birçok duyguyu ifade etmeye yarayan önemli bir araçtır. Son yıllarda mizah kullanımı bir terapi yaklaşımı niteliği kazanmaya başlamıştır. Mizahın terapide kullanımı, danışanların yaşamlarındaki anlamsız durumları veya var olan tutarsızlıkları eğlenceli bir hale getirerek mizahi bir biçimde ifade etmelerine yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu noktada danışmanın, danışanlarının geliş amaçlarını ve bu amaca bağlı olarak mizah anlayışlarını iyi bir şekilde anlayabilmesi bu doğrultuda müdahalelerde bulunması oldukça önemlidir. Mizah terapisi ve Kahkaha Terapisi/Kahkaha Yogası kavramları literatürde birbirinin yerine sık sık kullanıldığından bu çalışmada iki terapi yaklaşımı da sentezlenerek unsurları ve önemleri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu derlemede terapide mizahın kullanımının ortaya çıkışı, temel kavramlar, mizahın alt boyutları, terapide mizah kullanan psikolojik danışman-danışan ilişkisi, mizah terapisi süreci, kahkaha terapisi/kahkaha yogası süreci, kahkaha terapisi/kahkaha yogası teknikleri, terapide mizah kullanımına dair çalışmalar, mizahın terapide neden kullanılması ya da kullanılmaması gerektiği açısından geniş bir çerçevede ele alınarak tüm yönlerinin incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu yönleriyle bu çalışmanın literatüre katkı sunacağı ve var olan boşlukların doldurulmasına yardımcı olacağı değerlendirilmektedir. Ayrıca mizah terapisinin kullanımının yaygınlaşması ve farklı çalışmalarda mizah terapisinden yararlanılmasının birçok danışana ve bu alanda çalışan uzmanlara fayda sağlayacağı ön görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mizah, Terapötik Mizah, Mizah Terapisi, Kahkaha Terapisi, Kahkaha Yogası

Why Laughing Heals? A Review on the Use of Humor in Therapy

Humor is an important tool for expressing many emotions such as happiness, sadness, anger and surprise. In recent years, the use of humor has started to gain the quality of a therapy approach. The use of humor in therapy helps clients to express meaningless situations or inconsistencies in their lives in a humorous way by making them entertaining. At this point, it is very important for the counselor to be able to understand the purpose of the clients' arrival and their sense of humor depending on this purpose and to make interventions accordingly. Since the concepts of humor therapy and Laughter Therapy / Laughter Yoga are often used interchangeably in the literature, this study synthesizes both therapy approaches and tries to reveal their elements and importance. In this review, it is aimed to examine all aspects of the emergence of the use of humor in therapy, basic concepts, sub-dimensions of humor, counselor-client relationship using humor in therapy, humor therapy process, laughter therapy / laughter yoga process, laughter therapy / laughter yoga techniques, studies on the use of humor in therapy, why humor should or should not be used in therapy. In these respects, this study is expected to contribute to the literature and help fill the existing gaps. In addition, it is predicted that the widespread use of humor therapy and the use of humor therapy in different studies will benefit many clients and experts working in this field.

Keywords:

Humor, Therapeutic Humor, Humor Therapy, Laughter Therapy, Laughter Yoga,

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