Ece Ceren ULAŞ, Hüdayim BAŞAK, Adnan AKKURT

Araç Koltuğu Sırt Desteğinin Biyomimetik Tabanlı Tasarımı ve Analizi

Otomotiv üreticileri potansiyel müşterilerinin vücut bütünlüğünü göz önüne alarak araç ve döşeme tasarımlarını gerçekleştirmelerine rağmen çeşitli durumlarda insan bedeninde bir takım ağrıların oluşumu engellenememektedir. Oluşan çeşitli ağrılardan sırt ağrısı problemini çözmek için farklı yöntem ve araçlar kullanılsa da tam anlamı ile bir çözüm sağlanamamaktadır. Bu hedefle biyomimetik tasarım lensi yaklaşımı ile kişi vücut ergonomisine göre şekil alan, bel ve sırt temas yüzeylerine kişinin kilosuna bağlı olarak etki eden yükü absorbe eden standardın üzerinde bir konfor sunacak sırt desteği tasarımı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Doğada bulunan çeşitli çözümler incelenmiş ve kirpi dikenlerinin yüksek darbe sönümleme özelliğine sahip olması sebebiyle hedeflenen tasarımda diken formundan yararlanılmasına karar verilmiştir. Bu kapsamda 3 farklı eylem senaryosu ile yapılan tasarım ve mevcutta kullanılan sırt desteği tasarımı karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca tasarım REBA yöntemi kullanılarak ergonomik açıdan da analiz edilmiştir. Analiz çalışmaları gerçekleştirilirken dikenlerde geri dönüştürülebilir termoplastik elastomer hidrojel malzemesi tercih edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak ortaya konan tasarımın mevcut tasarımlara oranla daha olumlu bir alternatif olacağı anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyomimetik, ergonomi, analiz, kirpi dikeni

Biomimetic Based Design and Analysis of Vehicle Seat Back Support

Although automotive manufacturers realise vehicle and upholstery designs by considering the body integrity of their potential customers, the existence of certain pains in the human body can't be prevented in various situations. Despite different methods and tools are used to solve the problem of back pain from various pains, complete solution can't be provided. With this target, a back support design which is shaped according to the person's body ergonomics has been realized with the biomimetic design lens approach, absorbs the load acting on the waist and back contact surfaces depending on the weight of the person and offer comfort above standard. Various solutions found in nature were examined and it was decided to use the spine form in the targeted design, since hedgehog spines have high impact absorbing properties. In this context, the design made with 3 different action scenarios and the back support design used in present were compared. In addition, the design was analyzed ergonomically using the REBA method. While performing the analysis studies, recyclable thermoplastic elastomer hydrogel material was preferred for spines. Consequently, it has been understood that the proposed design will be a more positive alternative compared to the existing designs.

Keywords:

Biomimetics, ergonomics, analysis, hedgehog spine,

PDF

___

[1] https://asknature.org/strategy/spines-work-as-shock-absorbers/
[2] Vincent, J. F., & Owers, P., “Mechanical design of hedgehog spines and porcupine quills”, Journal of Zoology, 210(1): 55-75(1986).
[3] Kennedy, E. B., Hsiung, B. K., Swift, N. B., & Tan, K. T., “Static flexural properties of hedgehog spines conditioned in coupled temperature and relative humidity environments”, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 75: 413-422,(2017).
[4] Swift, N. B., Hsiung, B. K., Kennedy, E. B., & Tan, K. T, “Dynamic impact testing of hedgehog spines using a dual-arm crash pendulum”, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 61: 271-282, (2016).
[5] Swift IV, N. B, “Hedgemon: A Hedgehog-inspired Helmet Liner”, Doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University, (2016).
[6] https://www.ideastream.org/news/akron-company-tests-hedgehog-quill-tech-to-prevent-concussions
[7] https://immersiondesign.net/
[8] Drol, C. J., Kennedy, E. B., Hsiung, B. K., Swift, N. B., & Tan, K. T., “Bioinspirational understanding of flexural performance in hedgehog spines”, Acta biomaterialia, 94: 553-564, (2019).
[9] Li, Z., Ma, Y., Wang, L., Du, X., Zhu, S., Zhang, X., ... & Tian, M, “Multidimensional Hierarchical Fabric-Based Supercapacitor with Bionic Fiber Microarrays for Smart Wearable Electronic Textiles”, ACS applied materials & interfaces, 11(49): 46278-46285, (2019).
[10] Pan, F., Li, Y., Li, Z., Yang, J., Liu, B., & Chen, Y, “3D pixel mechanical metamaterials”, Advanced Materials, 31(25): 1-8, (2019).
[11] Ribeiro, J. E., Rocha, J., & Queijo, L., “Factors optimization to improve the tensile and flexural properties of short fibre non-woven hedgehog chestnuts spines reinforced polyester composites”, In 1st international Conference on Materials Design and Applications 2016, Portekiz,116-116, (2016).
[12] Huijser, M. P., & Bergers, P. J., “The effect of roads and traffic on hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) populations”, Biological conservation, 95(1): 111-116, (2000).
[13] D'Havé, H., Scheirs, J., Mubiana, V. K., Verhagen, R., Blust, R., & De Coen, W., “Non-destructive pollution exposure assessment in the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus): II. Hair and spines as indicators of endogenous metal and As concentrations”, Environmental Pollution, 142(3): 438-448, (2006).
[14] Barthel, L. M., Hofer, H., & Berger, A.,“An easy, flexible solution to attach devices to hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) enables long‐term high‐resolution studies”, Ecology and evolution, 9(1): 672- 679, (2019).
[15] Humphreys, P., & Jones, G. , “The decision hedgehog for creative decision making”, Information Systems and E-Business Management, 6(2): 117-136, (2008).
[16] Recio, M. R., Mathieu, R., & Seddon, P. J., “Design of a GPS backpack to track European hedgehogs Erinaceus europaeus”, European Journal of Wildlife Research, 57(6): 1175-1178, (2011).
[17] Cohen, Y. H., & Reich, Y., “Biomimetic design method for innovation and sustainability”, Springer, Berlin, Germany, (2016).
[18] Fisch, M., “The nature of biomimicry: Toward a novel technological culture”, Science, Technology, & Human Values, 42(5): 795-821, (2017).
[19] https://biomimicry.net/the-buzz/resources/designlens-essential-elements/
[20] https://biomimicry.net/the-buzz/resources/designlens-lifes-principles/
[21] https://biomimicry.net/the-buzz/resources/designlens-biomimicry-thinking/
[22] https://biomimicry.net/the-buzz/resources/biomimicry-designlens/
[23] https://www.elastron.com/tr/tpe-termoplastik-elastomer-nedir
[24] https://www.800bucklup.org/car-seat-accessories/lumbar-support/
[25] Fischenich, K. M., Lewis, J. T., Bailey, T. S., & Donahue, T. L. H., “Mechanical viability of a thermoplastic elastomer hydrogel as a soft tissue replacement material”, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 79: 341-347, (2018).
[26] Jebur, Q. H., “Characterisation and modelling of transversely isotropic flexible viscoelastic foam”, Doctoral dissertation, University of Glasgow, (2013).
[27] Koç, Ö., Top, N., Eldem, C., Gökçe, H., & Şahin, İ., “Ergonomics assessment and redesign of helicopter transmission assembly fixture using digital human models”, Politeknik Dergisi, 24(3): 1197-1203, (2021).
[28] Sarı, M. İ., & Şahin, İ. “Ergonomic analysis based on digital human modelling: adjustable school furniture design for secondary school students”, Politeknik Dergisi, 23(4): 1097-1110, (2020).
[29] https://nawo-solution.com/reba-method/
[30] Atıcı, H., Gönen, D., & Oral, A., “Çalışanlarda zorlanmaya neden olan duruşların reba yöntemi ile ergonomik analizi”, Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 3(3): 239-244, (2015).
[31] Shukriah, A., Baba, M. D., & Jaharah, A. G., REBA evaluation on garage worker: a case study, Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 9(5S): 1080-1086, (2017).
[32] Hignett, S., & McAtamney, L., Rapid entire body assessment (REBA), Applied ergonomics, 31(2): 201-205, (2000).
[33] Erdemir, F., & Eldem, C. “Bir döküm atölyesindeki çalışma duruşlarının dijital insan modelleme tabanlı REBA yöntemi ile ergonomik analizi”. Politeknik Dergisi, 23(2): 435-443,(2020).
[34] https://exrx.net/Kinesiology/Segments
[35] http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/carcr.html