Fatwa Aji Kurniawan, Fauzi, Moh. Roqib, Abdul Wachid Bambang Suharto, Heru Kurniawan, Ifada Novikasari

The Models of Early Childhood Parenting In Families Whose Mothers are Factory Workers in Indonesia

This research aimed to describe and formulate the models of early childhood parenting in families whose mothers were factory workers. In this case study an explorative descriptive qualitative research method was used. The participants of the study, who were selected using random sampling and snowball methods, were composed of 1230 families having 0- 4 years old children, and 123 chidren whose mothers were workers in wig and fake eyelashes factory in Padamara, Purbalingga District. The data were collected via interview, observation, and documentation techniques, and were analyzed through content analysis and comparative analysis techniques. The resuls showed that there were two types of early childhood parenting models, first, family- based parenting model, and second, parenting model by alternative caregivers. The family-based parenting model consisted of two subtypes of parenting models, namely (1) parenting by the nuclear family; in this model, the child was raised by the father; (2) parenting by extended family; in this model, there were two models of parenting being the model of parenting by the grandmother, and that by the relatives (aunt). As for the model of parenting by alternative caregivers, children were taken care of by babysitters who were living around the children’s residence. Each parenting model represented different parenting styles. The model of parenting by the grandmother represented permissive parenting style; the model of parenting by babysitters represents semi permissive-semi authoritative parenting style; the model of parenting by the relatives (aunt) represented semi authoritative parenting style; the model of parenting by fathers represented authoritative with tendencies semi-authoritarian parenting style

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