KATILIMCI YÖNETİŞİM ÜZERİNE NORMATİF VE PRATİK TARTIŞMALAR

Katılımcı yönetişim (KY), yönetişim teorisinin bir alt kümesi olarak müzakereci uygulamalarla demokratik katılıma vurgu yapan, katılımı ayrıntılı ilke ve kurumlara dayandıran ve bu yolla vatandaş katılımını güçlendirmeyi hedefleyen popüler bir mefhumdur. Kavramsal açıdan katılımcı yönetişim girişimlerinin ayırt edici özelliklerine ilişkin mevcut literatür sınırlıdır. Ayrıca katılımcı yönetişim normatif olarak çekici çözümler sunsa da uygulamada çeşitli sorunlarla karşılaşabilmektedir. Bu makale, katılımcı yönetişime ilişkin normatif söylemleri ve pratik deneyimleri karşılaştırarak katılımcı yönetişim üzerine etraflı bir tartışma sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Teorik ve pratik karşılaştırma; temsili demokrasi-meşruiyet, etkinlik-verimlilik, kapsayıcılık, hesap verebilirlik ve kamu değeri olmak üzere beş konu başlığı altında yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, müzakereci süreçler yoluyla temsili demokrasinin katılım sorunlarını giderme ve yerel düzeyde verimliliği sağlama hususlarında KY başarılı sonuçlar sunmaktadır. Bununla beraber katılımcı yönetişimin ayrı sosyal, siyasi ve idari bağlamlarda farklı çıktılar sağladığı görülmüştür. Katılımcı yönetişim, siyasi meşruiyeti sağlama, hesap verebilirlik, kapsayıcılık ve kamu değeri oluşturma gibi hedeflerde tek başına bir belirleyici olmaktan uzaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

katılımcı yönetişim, müzekereci demokrasi, yönetişim

NORMATIVE AND PRACTICAL DISCUSSIONS ON PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE

Participatory governance (PG), as a subset of governance theory, is a popular phenomenon that emphasizes democratic participation with deliberative practices, bases participation on detailed principles and institutions, and aims to strengthen citizen participation in this way. Conceptually, the existing literature on the distinctive features of participatory governance initiatives is limited. On the other hand, although participatory governance offers attractive solutions as normative, it may encounter various problems in practice. This article aims to provide an in-depth discussion on participatory governance by comparing normative discourses and practical experiences on participatory governance. Participatory governance as theoreticaly and practically has been compared under five headings: representative democracy-legitimacy, effectiveness-efficiency, inclusiveness-sustainability, accountability and public value. As a result, PG provides successful results in solving the participation problems of representative democracy and ensuring efficiency at the local level through deliberative processes. On the other hand, it has been seen that participatory governance produces different results in different social, political and administrative contexts. Participatory governance is far from being a determinant on its own in objectives such as ensuring political legitimacy, accountability, inclusiveness and creating public value.

Keywords:

participatory governance, participatory democracy, deliberative democracy,

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