İŞ GELİŞTİRME UZMANLARININ MESLEKİ ÖZDEŞLEŞMELERİ İLE DUYGUSAL EMEKLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLER ÜZERİNE GÖRGÜL BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Bu çalışmanın amacı iş geliştirme uzmanlarının mesleki özdeşleşmeleri ile duygusal emekleri arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığının ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Araştırmaya 8 farklı özel güvenlik firmasının İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren birimlerinde çalışan 161 iş geliştirme uzmanı iştirak etmiştir. Kesitsel araştırma tasarımına uygun olarak yürütülen çalışmanın verisi anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın hipotezleri yapısal eşitlik modellemesi tekniği ile test edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre katılımcıların mesleki özdeşleşmeleri ile doğal duyguları ve derinden rol yapmaları arasında aynı yönlü, mesleki özdeşleşmeleri ile yüzeysel rol yapmaları arasında ise ters yönlü ilişkiler bulunmaktadır. Bilindiği kadarıyla iş geliştirme uzmanlarının mesleki özdeşleşmeleri ile duygusal emekleri arasındaki ilişkiler ilk defa bu çalışma ile ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu bakımdan elde edilen bulguların örgütlerin iş geliştirme süreçlerinin iyileştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağına ve bu alanda yeni araştırmaların yapılmasını teşvik edeceğine inanılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

iş geliştirme, iş geliştirme uzmanı, duygusal emek, özdeşleşme, mesleki özdeşleşme

PDF

___

Abrams, D. ve Hogg, M. A. (1988). “Comments on the Motivational Status of Self-Esteem in Social Identity and Intergroup Discrimination”, European Journal of Social Psychology, 18, 317-334.
Ashforth, B. E. ve Mael, F. (1989). “Social Identity Theory and the Organization”, The Academy of Management Review, 14/1, 20-39.
Ashforth, B. E. ve Humphrey, R. H. (1993). “Emotional Labor in Service Roles: The Influence of Identity”, Academy of Management Review, 18/1, 88-115.
Ashforth, B. E. ve Humphrey, R. H. (1995). “Emotion in the Work Place: A Reappraisal”, Human Relations, 48/2, 97-124.
Ashforth, B. E. ve Kreiner, G. E. (1999). How Can You Do It?: Dirty Work and the Challenge of Constructing A Positive Identity”, The Academy of Management Review, 24/3, 413-434.
Ashforth, B. E., Harrison, S. H. ve Corley, K. G. (2008). “Identification in Organizations: An Examination of Four Fundamental Questions”, Journal of Management, 34, 325-374.
Ahforth, B. E. ve Kreiner, G. E. (2014). “Contextualizing Dirty Work: The Neglected Role of Cultural, Historical, and Demographic Context”, Journal of Management & Organization, 20, 423–440.
Bamber, E. M. ve Iyer, V. M. (2002). “Big 5 Auditors' Professional and Organizational Identification: Consistency or Conflict?”, Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 21/2, 21-38.
Basım, N. ve Begenirbas, M. (2012). “Çalışma Yaşamında Duygusal Emek: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalişması”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 19/1, 77-90.
Becker, H. S. ve Carper, J. (1956). “The Elements of Identification with an Occupation”, American Sociological Review, 21/3, 341-348.
Bellas, M. L. (1999). “Emotional Labor in Academia: The Case of Professors”, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 561/1, 96–110.
Brotheridge, C. M. ve Lee, R. T. (2003). Development and Validation of the Emotional Labour Scale”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76, 365–379.
Brotheridge, C. M. (2006). “The Role of Emotional Intelligence and Other Individual Differences in Predicting Emotional Labor Relative to Situational Demands”, Psicothema, 18, 139-44.
Christiansen, C. (1999). “Defining Lives: Occupation as Identity: An Essay On Competence, Coherence and the Creation of Meaning”, American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 53, 547-558.
Cohen-Scali, V. (2003). “The Influence of Family, Social and Work Socialization on Construction of the Professional Development of Young Adults”, Journal of Career Development, 29/4, 237 – 249.
Diefendorff, J. M. ve Gosserand, R. H. (2003). “Understanding the Emotional Labor Process: A Control Theory Perspective”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24/8, 945-959.
Diefendorff, J. M. ve Richard, E. M. (2003). Antecedents and Consequences of Emotional Display Rule Perceptions”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 284–294.
Diefendorff, J. M., Croyle, M. H. ve Gosserand, R. H. (2005). “The Dimensionality and Antecedents of Emotional Labor Strategies”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66, 339–357.
Edward, K. L., Hercelinskyj, G. ve Giandinoto, J. A. (2017). “Emotional Labour in Mental Health Nursing: An Integrative Systematic Review”, International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 26, 215-225.
Frijda, N. H. (1986). The Emotions, Cambridge University Press, New York.
Garcia-Falieres, A. ve Herrbach, O. (2015). “Organizational and Professional Identiﬁcation in Audit ﬁrms: An Affective Approach”, Journal of Business Ethics, 132, 753–763.
Giderler, C., Durmuş, H. ve Kırmızı, C. (2016). “Akademisyenlerin Mesleki Bağlılıkları İle Duygusal Emek Davranışları Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi”, Global Business Research Congress, İstanbul 26-27 Mayıs 2016.
Glomb, T. M. ve Tews, M. J. (2004). “Emotional Labor: A Conceptualization and Scale Development”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64, 1 – 23.
Goodwin, R. E., Groth, M. ve Frenkel, S. J. (2011). “Relationships between Emotional Labor, Job Performance, and Turnover”. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79, 538–48.
Grandey, A. A. (2000). “Emotion Regulation in the Workplace: A New Way to Conceptualize Emotional Labor”, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5/1, 95-110.
Grandey, A. A. (2003). “When ‘the Show Must Go On’: Surface Acting and Deep Acting as Determinants of Emotional Exhaustion and Peer-Rated Service Delivery”, The Academy of Management Journal, 46/1, 86-96.
Hekman, D. R., Bigley, G. A., Steensma, K. H. ve Hereford, J. F. (2009). “Combined Effects of Organizational and Professional Identification on the Reciprocity Dynamic for Professional Employees”, The Academy of Management Journal, 52/3, 506-526.
Hekman, D. R., Van Knippenberg, D. ve Pratt, M. G. (2016). “Channeling Identification: How Perceived Regulatory Focus Moderates the Influence of Organizational and Professional Identification on Professional Employees’ Diagnosis and Treatment Behaviors”, Human Relations, 69/3, 753-780.
Hochschild, A. E. (1979). “Emotion Work, Feeling Rules, and Social Structure”, American Journal of Sociology, 85/3, 551-575.
Hochschild, A. E. (1983). The Managed Heart. Commercialization of Human Feelings, University of California Press, California.
Hogg, M. A. ve Terry, D. J. (2000). “Social Identity and Self-Categorization Process in Organizational Contexts”, Academy of Management Review, 25/1, 121-140.
Kreiner, G. E., Ashforth, B. E. ve Sluss, D. M. (2006). “Identity Dynamics in Occupational Dirty Work: Integrating Social Identity and System Justification Perspectives”, Organization Science, 17, 619-636.
Kruml, S. M. ve Geddes, D. (2000). “Exploring the Dimensions of Emotional Labor: The Heart of Hochschild’s Work”, Management Communication Quarterly, 14/1, 8-49.
Liu, Y., Perrewe, P. L., Hochwarter, W. A. ve Kacmar, C. J. (2004). “Dispositional Antecedents and Performance-Related Consequences of Emotional Lab or At Work”, Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 10, 12−25.
Loi, R., Hang, N. ve Foley, S. (2004). The Effect of Professional Identification on Job Attitudes: A Study of Lawyers in Hong Kong”, Organizational Analysis, 12/2, 109-128.
Lui, S. S., Ngo, H. Y. ve Tsang, A. W. N. (2003). “Socialized to Be a Professional: A Study of the Professionalism of Accountants in Hong Kong”, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14, 1192-1205.
Mael, F. ve Ashfoth, B. E. (1992). “Alumni and Their Alma Mater: A Partial Test of the Reformulated Model of Organizational Identification”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 103–123.
Morris, A. J. ve Feldman, D. C. (1996). “The Dimensions, Antecedents, and Consequences of Emotional Labor”, The Academy of Management Review, 21/4, 986-1010.
Morris, J. A. ve Feldman, D. C. (1997). “Managing Emotions in the Workplace”, Journal of Managerial Issues, 9/3, 257-274.
Rafaeli, A. ve Sutton, R. I. (1987). “Expression of Emotion as Part of the Work Role”, Academy of Management Review, 12/1, 23-37.
Robbins, S. P. ve Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational Behavior, Pearson Education Inc., New Jersey.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the Adolescent Self-Image, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Schaubroeck, J. ve Jones, J. R. (2000). Antecedents of Workplace Emotional Labor Dimensions and Moderators of Their Effects on Physical Symptoms”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21/2, 163-183.
Slay, H. S. ve Smith, D. A. (2011). “Professional Identity Construction: Using Narrative to Understand the Negotiation of Professional and Stigmatized Cultural Identities”. Human Relations, 64/1, 85–107.
Tak, B. ve Aydemir, B. A. (2004). “Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Üzerine İki Görgül Çalışma”, 12. Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi, Bursa 27-29 Mayıs 2004.
Tajfel, H. ve Turner, J. C. (1986). “The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior”, Psychology of Intergroup Relations, (Ed: S. Worchel ve W. G. Austin), Nelson, Chicago.
Truta, C. (2012). “Emotional Labor Strategies Adopted By School Psychologists”, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 33, 796-800.
Trybou, J., Gemmel, P., Pauwels, Y., Henninck, C. ve Clays, E. (2014). “The Impact of Organizational Support and Leader–Member Exchange on the Work-Related Behaviour of Nursing Professionals: The Moderating Effect of Professional and Organizational Identification”, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 70/2, 373–382.
Trybou, J., De Caluwé, G., Verleye, K., Gemmel, P. ve Annem, L. (2015). “The Impact of Professional and Organizational Identification on the Relationship between Hospital–Physician Exchange and Customer-Oriented Behaviour of Physicians”, Human Resources for Health, 13, 1-9.
Van Maanen, J. ve Barley, S. (1984). “Occupational Communities: Culture and Control in Organizations”, Research in Organizational Behavior, (Ed: B. M. Staw ve L. L. Cummings), JAI Press, Greenwich, CT.
Zapf, D. (2002). Emotion Work and Psychological Well-Being A Review of the Literature and Some Conceptual Considerations”, Human Resource Management Review, 12, 237–268.