BİLİMSEL ÇALIŞMALARDA KARMA YÖNTEM NASIL KULLANILIR?

Sosyal bilimlerde nicel ve nitel yöntemleri bir arada kullanan çalışmaların sayısında son yıllarda ciddi bir artış gözlemlenmektedir. Karma yöntem olarak tanımlanan bu araştırma stratejisi, nitel ve nicel verilerin gelişigüzel bir arada kullanılmasının ötesinde farklı yaklaşımların tek çalışma içinde bütünleştirilmesini mümkün kılacak bir araştırma tasarımı ve kuramsal çerçeve gerektirir. Bu makale, alanyazında giderek artan bir ağırlığa sahip olan ve üçüncü ana araştırma yöntemi olarak kabul gören karma yöntemlerin uygulanmasına dair esasları kapsamlı bir tartışmayla ortaya koymayı amaçlar. Karma yöntemin tanımı, amacı, avantajları üzerine tanıtıcı bir bölümü takiben karma yöntemin nasıl kullanılabileceğine dair farklı araştırma tasarımları üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu tasarımlar siyaset bilimi ve uluslararası ilişkiler alanından çalışmalarla örneklenecektir. Sonuç bölümünde karma yönteme yöneltilen eleştiriler ve yöntemin uygulanmasında karşılaşılabilecek zorluklar üzerinde durulacaktır. Böylece karma yönteme ilgi duyan araştırmacılar için bir yol haritası sunulacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Karma yöntem, Üçgenleme, Sıralı tasarım, Açıklayıcı tasarım, Keşfedici tasarım, İç içe geçmiş tasarım

HOW TO USE MIXED-METHOD IN SCIENTIFIC STUDIES?

In recent years, a significant proliferation has been observed in the number of studies combining quantitative and qualitative methods in social sciences. This research strategy, defined as a mixed-method, requires a research design and theoretical framework that will enable the integration of different approaches in a single study, beyond the random use of qualitative and quantitative data. This article aims to put forward the principles of the application of mixed methods, which have an increasing weight in the literature and are accepted as the third main research method, with a comprehensive discussion. Following an introductory chapter on the definition, purpose, and advantages of the mixed method, different research designs on how the mixed method can be used will be discussed. These designs will be exemplified by studies from the field of political science and international relations. In the conclusion section, the criticisms directed to the mixed-method, and the difficulties that may be encountered in the application of the method will be emphasized. Thusly, a road map will be presented for researchers who are interested in the mixed method.

Keywords:

Mixed-method, Triangulation, Sequential design, Explanatory design, Exploratory design, Nested design,

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