Türkiye’nin yenilenebilir enerji projeleri ile geliştirebileceği karbon sertifikası potansiyeli

Türkiye’nin yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları (YEK) ile elektrik üretim miktarı artırılarak, enerji sektörü kaynaklı emisyonları önemli miktarda azaltılabilir. Gönüllü karbon piyasaları, YEK kullanılarak elektrik üretiminin özendirilmesi ve bu kaynaklardan daha fazla yararlanılmasını sağlarlar. Bu çalışmada; Türkiye elektrik şebekesine bağlanacak YEK ile elektrik üretimi yapan tesislerden sağlanacak emisyon azaltım ve karbon kredisi miktarları ile karbon kredi ticareti ile elde edilecek olan gelir hesaplanmıştır. Emisyon azaltım miktarı hesaplaması; birleşik marj CO2 emisyon faktörleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. 2021-2024 yılları arasında YEK kullanılarak gerçekleştirilecek elektrik enerji üretimi ile sağlanabilecek CO2 emisyon azaltım miktarı 454,94 MtCO2’dir. 2016-2024 yılları arasında elde edilebilecek gönüllü karbon kredisi geliri 1.116 milyar dolar’dır. Türkiye’nin YEK ile elektrik üretimi yapan tesisleri ile sağlanan karbon azaltımın çok düşük bir bölümü gönüllü karbon sertifikası ihraç eden kuruluşlar aracılığıyla ticarete konu olmuştur. Türkiye’nin zengin YEK potansiyeli yeterince değerlendirilmemiştir. Türkiye’nin yenilenebilir enerji projeleri ile geliştirilebileceği karbon kredisi hacmi yüksektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yenilenebilir enerji, Şebeke emisyon faktörü, Birleşik marj emisyon faktörü, Karbon sertifikası, Gönüllü karbon piyasası

Increasing voluntary carbon credits potential via renewable energy projects in Turkey

Turkey's renewable energy sources (RES) can be utilized to increase the amount of electricity generation and significantly reduce emissions from the energy sector. Voluntary carbon markets encourage electricity generation using RES and make greater use of these sources. In this study, the amount of emission reduction and carbon credits to be obtained from the renewable power plants to be connected to the Turkish electricity grid and the revenue to be obtained from carbon credit trading have been calculated. Emission reduction amount has been calculated by using combined margin CO2 emission factors. The amount of CO2 emission reduction that can be achieved through the renewable electricity generation between 2021-2024 is estimated as 454.94 MtCO2. Voluntary carbon credit revenue that can be obtained for the period between 2016 and 2024 is $1.116 billion. A very small part of the carbon reduction potential generated by renewable projects has been the subject of trade through voluntary carbon certificate issuing organizations. Turkey's rich RES potential has not been adequately utilized. The volume of carbon offsets that Turkey can generate by renewable projects is considerably high.

Keywords:

Renewable energy, Grid emission factor, Combined margin emission factor, Carbon certification, Voluntary carbonmarket,

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