Evrencan ÖZCAN, Tuğba DANIŞAN, Tamer EREN

Hidroelektrik santralların en kritik elektriksel ekipman gruplarının bakım stratejilerinin optimizasyonu için matematiksel bir model önerisi

Bakım, üretim tesislerinin kesintisiz, kalite düzeyi yüksek, ekonomik, verimli, güvenilir ve çevreye duyarlı üretim yapması olarak tanımlanan sürdürülebilirlik hedefine üst düzeyde katkı sağlayan bir prosestir. Bu önemli prosesin en önemli aşamalarının başında bakım planlaması gelmektedir ve bu fazın ilk ve vazgeçilmez aşaması ise bakım strateji seçimidir. Bakım proseslerinin üretim duruşu, malzeme, zaman ve iş gücü gereksinimi nedeniyle önemli maliyetler doğurması düşünüldüğünde, özellikle kritik ekipmanlara uygun bakım stratejilerinin atanması, üretim tesisinin gereksiz maliyetlerden kaçınması açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Ayrıca, ekipmanın arızasız çalışma süresinin artırılması ile güvenilir ve kalite düzeyi yüksek üretimin gerçekleştirilmesine sağladığı katkı ile de bakım strateji optimizasyonu, üretim tesislerinde sürdürülebilir üretim hedefine direkt olarak etki etmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra, sürekli üretim tesisleri grubunda yer alan elektrik üretim santrallarında, enerjinin toplum üzerindeki etkileri de düşünüldüğünde bu problem çok daha önemli bir hal almaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada, Türkiye enerji üretiminin %20’sini gerçekleştiren hidroelektrik santrallardan büyük ölçekli bir tanesinde, en problemli ekipman grubu olan elektriksel ekipmanlar arasından santral açısından en kritik olanlar AHP-TOPSIS kombinasyonu ile belirlenmiştir. Ardından, bu ekipman grupları için tamir, periyodik, kestirimci ve revizyon bakım stratejilerinden en uygun kombinasyon önerilen tam sayılı programlama modeli ile elde edilmiştir. Bu kombinasyonun kullanımı ile üretim duruşları ve bunların beraberinde getirdiği maliyetlerde %80 oranında bir iyileşme sağlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bakım strateji optimizasyonu, Hidroelektrik santrallar, Tam sayılı programlama, AHP, TOPSIS

A mathematical model proposal for maintenance strategies optimization of the most critical electrical equipment groups of hydroelectric power plants

Maintenance is a process that makes a high-level contribution to the sustainability goal of the manufacturing facilities defined as uninterrupted, high-quality level, economic, efficient, reliable and environmentally friendly production. The foremost stage of this important process is the maintenance planning and the first and indispensable phase of this stage is the maintenance strategy selection. When considering the maintenance processes which cause the significant costs due to production downtime, material, time and labor requirements, assignment of the suitable maintenance strategies especially for the critical equipment has great importance in terms of avoiding the unnecessary costs for the generation facility. Furthermore, maintenance strategy optimization directly effects the goal of sustainable production in the manufacturing facilities by providing to increase the faultless operating time of equipment and contribute to realize the reliable and high-quality manufacturing. In addition to these, this problem becomes more and more important in the electricity generation plants which are in the group of continuous production facilities, when the effects of energy on the society are considered. In this context in this study, among the electrical equipment which are the most problematic group, the most critical ones in terms of the power plant are determined by the AHP-TOPSIS combination in one of the big-scale hydroelectric power plants realize the 20% of Turkey’s electricity generation. Then, the most appropriate strategy combination from corrective, periodic, predictive and revision maintenance strategies is obtained by using the proposed integer programming model for these equipment groups. The use of this combination has resulted in an 80% improvement in generation downtimes and associated costs.

Keywords:

Maintenance strategy optimization, Hydroelectric power plants, Integer programming, AHP, TOPSIS,

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