Balastlı hatta ray-tekerlek titreşimlerinin demiryolu dinamiğine etkisinin belirlenmesi

Demiryolu tasarımında kullanılan klasik yöntem statik analiz yapmak ve dinamik etkileri hesaba katmak için dinamik etki katsayısı oranında sonuçları büyütmektir. Ancak bu yöntemin özellikle yüksek hızlı demiryolu hatları için uygun olmadığı ve dinamik analiz yapılması gerektiği bilinmektedir. Çünkü klasik yöntemde demiryolunun doğal frekansları ile trenin tahrik frekanslarının çakışması ile ortaya çıkan rezonansı ve çok yüksek olan dinamik yükleri hesaplamak mümkün değildir. Bu nedenle, çalışmada örnek bir balastlı hat üstyapısı için ANSYS sonlu eleman programı kullanılarak nümerik analiz yapılmış ve rezonans durumundaki dinamik etkiler belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca sahada ölçüm yapılarak yolun öz frekansları ile dinamik tepkileri ölçülmüş ve bu değerlere göre model doğrulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Dinamik etki, Demiryolu titreşimi, Nümerik analiz, Çekiç darbe testi.

Determination of the effect of rail/wheel vibrations on railway dynamic on ballasted line

The classical method used in railway design is to increase the results in the ratio of dynamic effect coefficient in order to make static analysis and consider dynamic effects. However, it is known that this method is not available for high speed railway lines and that it is necessary to make dynamic analysis; as it is impossible, in classical method, to calculate the very high dynamic loads and the resonance which occurs when the natural frequencies of railway coincide with the driving frequencies of train. Therefore, numerical analysis was made using ANSYS finite element program and the dynamic effects in resonance situation were determined for a sample ballasted line superstructure. Besides, the natural frequencies and dynamic effects of the road were measured on the field, and the sample was validated in accordance with these values.

Keywords:

Dynamic effect, Railway vibration, Numerical analysis, Hammer impact test.,

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