Normal gözlerde yaş ve cinsiyetin retina kalınlığına etkisi’

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı normal gözlerde makula kalınlığının ve peripapiller retinal sinir lifi kalınlığının yaş ve cinsiyet ile ilişkisini optik koherans tomografi ile değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya 2017 Şubat ve 2018 Ocak tarihleri arası Burdur Devlet Hastanesi Göz Hastalıkları Kliniği’ne başvuran sağlıklı 500 kişi alındı. Çalışmaya herhangi bir göz hastalığı olmayan ve daha önce oküler cerrahi öyküsü, sistemik hastalığı olmayan 18-100 yaş arası bireyler dahil edildi. Poliklinik kayıtlarından; düzeltilmiş en iyi görme keskinliği Snellen eşeline göre 20/20, göz içi basıncı 10-20 mmhg, refraktif değerleri +/- 3,00 dioptri olan gözler ve optik koherans tomografi sonuçları alındı. Makula kalınlığını yaş grupları arasında karşılaştırmada ve cinsiyet ilişkili değişiklikleri analiz etmek ve sektörler arasındaki retina kalınlıklarını karşılaştırılmak için bağımsız örneklem t testi kullanıldı. Santral foveal kalınlıkta yaş gruplarında cinsiyet farklılıklarını karşılaştırmak için iki yönlü varyans analizi kullanıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 500 kişinin 247’si kadın 253‘ü erkekti. Santral foveal kalınlık erkeklerde kadınlara göre anlamlı olarak daha kalın saptandı (p=0,001). Yaş artışı ile birlikte santral fovea kalınlığında anlamlı bir değişiklik saptanmadı (p=0,068). Yaş ve cinsiyet grupları arasında; total peripapiller retina sinir lifi tabakası kalınlığı, üst ve alt kadran retinal sinir lifi tabakası kalınlığı, optik disk çukurluk ve disk alanları ile çukurluk/disk oranında da anlamlı bir değişiklik görülmemiştir (p=0,001). Sonuç: Retinal kalınlıklarında yaş ve cinsiyete bağlı olarak anlamlı değişiklikler görülmüştür. Yaşla birlikte santral fovea kalınlığında anlamlı bir değişiklik saptanmazken erkeklerde kadınlara göre anlamlı olarak daha kalın saptandı. Perisantral halkada temporal ve üst sektör kalınlıklarında yaşa bağlı anlamlı incelme görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, bu bulgular hem sistemik hem de retinal hastalıklarla ilişkili retinal tabaka kalınlığını analiz ederken dikkate alınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

optik koherans tomografi, cinsiyet, yaş

Effect of age and sex on retinal thickness in normal eyes.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of sex and age on macular thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber thickness in normal population with optical coherence tomography.Materials and methods: Mediacal records of 500 healthy people aged 18-100 who applied to the Burdur State Hospital Ophthalmology Clinic between February 2017 and January 2018 were enrolled. Exclusion criterias were having any eye disease or ocular surgery history and systemic disease.Best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 according to Snellen's chart, 10-20 mmHg of intraocular pressure, +/- 3.00 diopters of refractive values and optical coherence tomography measurements were received. Statistical data was analyzed with a IBM SPSS 21; software program. Independent sample t-test was used to compare macular thickness between age groups and to analyze sex related changes and to compare retinal thicknesses across sectors. Two-way variance analysis was used to compare gender differences in age groups in central foveal thickness.Results: Central foveal thickness was significantly thicker in men than in women (p=0.001). There was no significant change in central foveal thickness with age (p=0.068). Among age and gender groups; total peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in superior and inferior quadrant, optic disc cup and disc areas, and cup / disc ratio were not significantly changed. Conclusion: Significant changes were observed in retinal layers depending on the age and sex. Therefore, these results must be considered when analyzing the retina associated with both systemic and retinal disease.

Keywords:

Optic Coherance Tomography, Age Related Macular Thickness, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer,

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