Yüksek Yükseltici DA-DA Dönüştürücülerin Maksimum Güç Noktası İzleme Performansı Karşılaştırması

Fotovoltaik (FV) ve rüzgar enerjisi gibi yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları (YEK'ler) düşük çıkış voltajına ve kesintili çıkış gücüne sahip olduğundan, çıkış voltajını artırmak ve maksimum gücü elde etmek için sıklıkla yükseltici DA-DA dönüştürücülerle donatılırlar. Bu çalışmada, FV destekli sistemlerde sıklıkla kullanılan yüksek gerilim kazançlı DA-DA dönüştürücülerin maksimum güç noktası izleme (MGİN) performans karşılaştırmaları sunulmuştur. Üç farklı yüksek kazançlı yükseltici DA-DA dönüştürücü topolojisi: (i) ikinci dereceden yükseltici dönüştürücü (QBC: quadratic boost converter), (ii) üç seviyeli yükseltici dönüştürücü (TLBC: three level boost converter), (iii) yığınlı yükseltici dönüştürücü (SBC: stacked boost converter), MGİN modu altında analiz edilmiştir. Değiştir ve Gözlemle (D&G) algoritmasını kullanır. Her bir dönüştürücü için MATLAB/Simulink ortamında 5,11, 4,61, 4,37, 3,87 ve 3,61 kW değerlerine sahip FV ile çalışan bir sistem modellenmiştir. İlgili topolojiler, aşağıdaki gibi aynı tasarım özellikleri dikkate alınarak simüle edilmiştir; 10 kHz anahtarlama frekansı, 1 mΩ Ron direnci. Yukarıda bahsedilen topolojilerin performans sonuçları, FV panelin maksimum gücü, dönüştürücülerin enerji verimliliği, çıkış voltajı dalgalanması ve çıkış akımı dalgalanması açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar şunu ortaya koyuyor; TLBC, %98,9 dönüştürücü verimliliği ile FV panellerinden maksimum güç alır. SBC ve QBC, sırasıyla %98,1 ve %96,5 dönüştürücü verimliliği ile FV panellerinden minimum güç alır. Sonuç olarak, TLBC topolojisi, maksimum güç elde etme kapasitesi ve verimliliği ile öne çıkmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Maksimum güç noktası takibi, Performans kıyaslaması, Yüksek voltaj kazancı, DA/DA çevirici, Fotovoltaik

Maximum Power Point Tracking Performance Benchmarking of High Step-Up DC-DC Converters

Since renewable energy sources (RESs) such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy have low output voltage and intermittent output power, they are frequently equipped with step-up DC-DC converters to boost the output voltage and extract maximum power. In this study, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) performance comparisons of high voltage gain DC-DC converters, which are frequently used in PV-powered systems, have been presented. Three different high gain step-up DC-DC converter topologies: (i) quadratic boost converter (QBC), (ii) three level boost converter (TLBC), (iii) stacked boost converter (SBC) have been analysed under MPPT mode that uses the Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm. 5.11 kW PV-powered system has been modelled in the MATLAB/Simulink environment for each converter considering the same design specifications such as; 10 kHz switching frequency, 1 mΩ Ron resistance. The related topologies have been simulated under different irradiances: 1000, 900, 850, 750 and 700. Performance results of the aforementioned topologies have been compared in terms of the maximum power of PV panel, the energy efficiency of converters, output voltage ripple and output current ripple. The results reveal that; the TLBC extracts maximum power from PV panels with the converter efficiency 98.9%. The SBC and QBC extract minimum power from PV panels with the converter efficiency 98.1% and 96.5%, respectively. As a consequence, TLBC topology excels with the maximum power extraction capability and efficiency.

Keywords:

Maximum power point tracking, performance benchmarking, high voltage gain, DC-DC converter, photovoltaic,

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