Cilt Mikrobiyotası ve Yara Tedavisine Etkisi

Mikrobiyota, günümüzde insan vücudunda yaşamsal fonksiyonların hemen hemen tamamında etkisi olduğu düşünülen mikroorganizma topluluğudur. Vücutta bağırsak mikrobiyotası gerek sayısal olarak gerek ise çeşitlilik açısından mikroorganizmaların en yoğun bulunduğu bölgedir. Bu nedenle de çalışmaların büyük bir bölümü bağırsak mikrobiyotası üzerine yapılmıştır. Cilt mikrobiyotası da tıpkı bağırsak gibi dış çevreden direkt olarak etkilenmektedir. Derinin fiziksel bariyer fonksiyonunda ve deri immunitesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Mikrobiyotada çeşitli faktörlerin etkisiyle olan değişim disbiyozis olarak adlandırılmakta ve bazı hastalıklarla ilişkisi olduğu düşünülmektedir. Kronik yara, normal iyileşme fazları ve süresinde iyileşmeyen ve tedaviye yanıtı kötü olan yaradır. Kronik yaralar sisteme ciddi bir yük oluşturmakta, morbidite ve mortaliteyi arttırmaktadır. Yara tedavisi sağlık bakımının bir parçasıdır ve hasta, yakınları, hekim, sağlık çalışanları ve sağlık sistemini maddi ve manevi zorlamaktadır. Kronik yaraların etkin tedavisine yönelik arayışlar devam etmektedir. Tedavide yaranın kronikleşmesinin önüne geçilmesi için iyileşmeyi hızlandıracak ve komplikasyonsuz kapanmasına faydası olabilecek yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Çok sayıda çalışmada disbiyozisin düzeltilmesini hedefleyen tedavilerin iyileştirici rolü tartışılmaktadır. Bu tartışmalar kronik yara tedavisiyle de ilişkili olarak sürmektedir. Bu derlemede cilt miktobiyotası, yara iyileşmesindeki fonksiyonu ve kronik yara tedavisindeki rolü güncel literatür ışığında değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yara iyileşmesi, Mikrobiyota, Cilt Mikrobiyotası, Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası

Skin Microbiota and Effect on Wound Treatment

Today, microbiota is a community of microorganisms that are thought to have an effect on almost all vital functions in the human body. In the body, the intestinal microbiota is the region where microorganisms are most concentrated in terms of both amount and diversity. For this reason, most of the studies have been conducted on the intestinal microbiota. The skin microbiota is directly affected by the external environment as much as the gut, and plays an important role in the physical barrier function of the skin and skin immunity. The change in the microbiota due to various factors is called dysbiosis, and is thought to be associated with some diseases. A chronic wound has a poor response to treatment, as a result of which the healing process takes longer than expected, and the recovery is not always a success. Chronic wounds are a serious burden on the health system, and increase morbidity and mortality. Wound treatment is a part of healthcare, and it encumbers the patient and their next of kin as much as physicians, health workers and the health system both financially and emotionally. Research on effective treatment of chronic wounds has been continuing. In this treatment, various methods are used to accelerate the healing process and to promote the closure of the wound without intractability so that the chronicity of the wound can be prevented. Many studies discuss the curative role of treatments aimed at correcting dysbiosis. The applicability of the same treatment in relation to chronic wound is still a matter for debate. In this review, the skin microbiota, its function in wound healing and its role in chronic wound treatment have been evaluated in the light of current literature.

Keywords:

Wound healing, Microbiota, Skin Microbiota, Gut Microbiota,

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