PM10 VE SO2 KONSANTRASYONLARI VE METEOROLOJİK PARAMETRELERİN KONSANTRASYONLAR ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Hava kirliliği, gelişmekte olan çoğu ülkelerde en önemli çevresel sorunların başında gelmektedir. Sanayileşme, hızlı nüfus artışı ve kentsel yapılaşma nedeniyle Türkiye’de hava kalitesinin belirlenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, 2017 yılında Türkiye'de 103 ölçüm istasyonundaki veriler yardımıyla ölçülen PM10 ve SO2'lerin konsantrasyon seviyeleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçüm periyodu boyunca elde edilen yıllık PM10 konsantrasyon değerleri 15,1-135,0 µg/m3 (55,3±20,2 µg/m3), SO2 konsantrasyon değerleri ise 2,5-99,0 µg/m3 (14,9±12,8 µg/m3)arasında değişiklik göstermektedir. Türkiye genelindeki PM10 konsantrasyon seviyelerine bakıldığında, Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi hariç genellikle homojen bir dağılım göstermektedir. Benzer olarak Türkiye genelindeki SO2 konsantrasyon seviyelerindeki dağılımlara bakıldığında; kömür yataklarını zengin olduğu Trakya ve Ege Bölgeleri ile Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgeleri’nde özellikle soğuk mevsimlerde kömür kullanımı bu bölgelerde yüksek SO2 konsantrasyon seviyelerinin görülmesine neden olmuştur. Ayrıca kirletici konsantrasyonları ile meteorolojik faktörlerin haritalandırılması sonucunda, özellikle karışım yüksekliği, sıcaklık ve rüzgar hızlarının kirletici konsantrasyonlarının dağılımlarında etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

hava kirliliği, PM10, SO2, meteorolojik parametreler

PM10 AND SO2 CONCENTRATIONS AND THE EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS ON THE CONCENTRATIONS

Air pollution is one of the most important environmental problems in most developing countries. Industrialization, due to rapid population growth and urban infrastructure in Turkey to determine air quality is important. In this study, PM10 and SO2 concentration levels measured using data from the measurement station 103 has been evaluated in Turkey in 2017. The annual PM10 concentration values obtained during the measurement period vary between 15.1-135.0 µg/m3 (55.3±20.2 µg/m3) and the SO2 concentration values vary between 2.5-99.0 µg/m3 (14.9±12.8 µg/m3). When the PM10 concentration levels throughout Turkey usually indicates a homogeneous distribution except Eastern Anatolia Region. Similarly, when we look at the distribution of SO2 concentration levels throughout Turkey; coal deposits in the Thrace and Aegean Regions and Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia Regions, especially in the cold season, the use of coal in these regions caused high levels of SO2 concentration. In addition, as a result of mapping of pollutant concentrations and meteorological factors, it was found that especially the mixing height, temperature and wind speeds were effective in the distribution of pollutant concentrations.

Keywords:

air pollution, PM10, SO2, meteorological factors,

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