ULAŞTIRMA SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ, EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE ÇEVRESEL KALİTE İLİŞKİSİ

Ülkeler ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınma hedefleri doğrultusunda ekonominin yapı taşı olan tüketimi karşılayabilmek için yoğun sanayi ve üretim tesisleri kurmuşlardır. Üretim ile tüketim arasındaki en önemli bağlantı ulaştırma sektörü olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ulaştırma sektöründeki enerji tüketimi dünya üzerinde yer alan fosil yakıtların %50 sini, toplam enerji kaynaklarının ise üçte birini kullanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 1990-2018 yılları arasında 28’i OECD ülkesi olmak üzere toplam 36 ülkedeki ekonomik büyüme, ulaştırma sektöründeki enerji tüketimi, karbondioksit salınımı ve petrol fiyatlarından oluşan değişkenler analiz edilmiştir. OECD üyesi 28 ülke ile bu ülkelerle ticari ilişkileri yoğun olan ve ulaştırma enerjisi tüketimi bu 28 ülke arasında en az olan Lüksemburg’un enerji tüketiminin üzerinde ve ulaştırma enerjisi tüketimi en fazla olan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin altında olan 8 ülke ile ülke gurubu oluşturulmuş ve veri seti Sistem-GMM yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, literatüre destek veren bir şekilde ulaştırma sektöründe kullanılan enerji tüketiminin ve ekonomik büyümenin çevresel kaliteyi bozduğu yani karbondioksit salınımını artırdığı, petrol fiyatlarında meydana gelen artışın ise karbondioksit salınımını azalttığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çevresel Kalite, Ekonomik Büyüme, Enerji Tüketimi, Ulaştırma Sektörü, Yeşil Çevre

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR, ECONOMIC GROWTH, AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

Countries have established intensive industrial and production facilities to meet the consumption, which is the building block of the economy, in line with their economic growth and development goals. The most important link between production and consumption is the transportation sector. The energy consumption in the transportation sector uses 50% of the fossil fuels and one-third of the total energy resources in the world. In this study, between 1990 and 2018, variables consisting of economic growth, energy consumption in the transportation sector, carbon dioxide emissions and oil prices in a total of 36 countries, 28 of which are OECD countries, were analysed. A country group was formed with 28 OECD member countries and 8 countries, which have intense commercial relations with these countries and whose transportation energy consumption is above the energy consumption of Luxembourg, which is the least among these 28 countries, and below the United States, which has the highest transportation energy consumption and the data set was analysed by the System-GMM method. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that in a way that supports the literature, the energy consumption and economic growth used in the transportation sector deteriorates the environmental quality, that is, increases the carbon dioxide emissions, and the increase in oil prices reduces the carbon dioxide emission.

Keywords:

Environmental Quality, Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, Transportation Sector, Green Environment,

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