Bronşiolitli Çocuklarda Hastalık Aktivitesinin Değerlendirilmesinde Nötrofil / Lenfosit Oranı Yeni Bir Biyobelirteç Olabilir mi?

Amaç: Akut bronşiolit, inflamatuar bir hastalıktır. Nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (NLO) çeşitli inflamatuar hastalıklarda arttığı bilinen inflamatuar belirteçlerdir. Bu çalışmada amacımız bronşiolitli çocuk hastalarda NLO değerlerini incelemek ve hastalık şiddetiyle ilişkisini değerlendirmektir.  Materyal ve Metod: Çalışma akut bronşiolit tanısı alan 3 ay ile 5 yaş arasında 77 hasta ve 34 sağlıklı çocuktan oluşturuldu. Hasta ve kontrol grubunda C-reaktif protein (CRP), beyaz küre sayısı (BKS), ortalama trombosit hacmi (OTH), nötrofil ve lenfosit değerleri ile birlikte NLO değerleri incelendi.  Bulgular: Akut bronşiolit grubunda CRP, BKS, NLO ve nötrofil sayısı kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek saptandı (sırasıyla p<0.01, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001 ). OTH düzeyleri hasta grubunda anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu (p<0.05). Hastalık şiddetine göre hasta grubu hafif, orta ve ağır olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Ağır bronşiolitli hastalarda (n=21); nötrofil ve NLO değerleri hafif bronşiolitli gruba (n=25) göre anlamlı olarak yüksek saptandı (Her ikisi de p<0.05). Korelasyon analizinde; NLO ile OTH, BKS, CRP arasında pozitif korelasyon saptandı (sırasıyla r=0.262–p<0.05; r=0.454–p<0.001; r=0.706–p<0.001). Akut bronşiolitli hastaların hastaneye kabulde incelenen parametrelerden yalnızca CRP için Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analizinde eğri altında kalan alan (EAA) sonuçları tanısal olarak yeterli bulunurken (EAA=0.812), BKS ve NLO için yeterlilik saptanamadı (sırasıyla EAA=0.692, EAA=0.583). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, hastaneye başvuruda saptanan artmış CRP düzeylerinin; bronşiolit gelişecek hastaları predikte etmede ve artmış NLO oranının hastalık şiddetinin belirlenmesinde iyi bir belirteç olabileceğini göstermektedir.

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